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According to his personal history, Nghiem Xuan Yem was born on March 10, 1913 in Tay Mo village, Huu Hung commune, Tu Liem district, Hoai Duc prefecture, Ha Dong province, now Tay Mo ward, Nam Tu Liem district, Hanoi city, in a family with a tradition of studiousness and many people with high achievements.
Nghiem Xuan Yem studied hard and was an excellent student since childhood. After graduating from high school with honors, he was granted a scholarship by the State to attend university. As a result, he was the valedictorian of the first class of Hanoi College of Agriculture and Forestry. There, he was a diligent student, working hard, trying to earn money to support himself. Along with studying, he taught at Thang Long Private High School, where Professor Hoang Minh Giam was the principal.
It was here that he met many colleagues who were patriotic intellectuals, most notably Professor Vo Nguyen Giap. Through them, he became involved in the patriotic movement of students. In 1941, after receiving a degree in agricultural engineering, he refused to work for the protectorate government. After getting married, he went to Thai Nguyen to build an agricultural and forestry plantation to earn money to pay back the scholarship to the colonial government.
Far from Thang Long, he still maintains close ties with his friends at Thang Long School, especially with the General Student Association and its key cadres. He is a regular writer for Thanh Nghi Newspaper. He specializes in writing about agriculture , rural areas and farmers, and the responsibility of intellectuals in reviving the country's agriculture.
He was particularly concerned about land issues, the miserable lives of farmers who had no land to plant, had to work for hire, and guided farmers to escape the monoculture of rice, combine cultivation with animal husbandry, and improve breeds...
In June 1944, with the help of the Indochinese Communist Party, patriotic students in the General Student Association established the Vietnam Democratic Party. He was one of the founding members. The Democratic Party joined the Viet Minh Front. He actively participated in movements launched by the Viet Minh.
Secretary General of the Democratic Party
After the success of the August Revolution, engineer Nghiem Xuan Yem was appointed by the Provisional Revolutionary Government of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam to hold the position of Director of the Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Animal Husbandry under the Ministry of Agriculture. He and his colleagues urgently published the “Inch of Land” newspaper to promptly guide farmers in farming to solve the raging famine.
The war broke out, the whole people resisted, the whole country resisted. Implementing President Ho's Directive to promote agricultural production with the slogan "Food sufficiency, strong soldiers", he was appointed by the Government as Head of the Agricultural Delegation to strengthen the Inter-Zone I. In 1947, he was appointed Deputy Minister of Agriculture.
In 1950, he was elected to the Central Committee of the Vietnam Democratic Party.
In July 1954, the Geneva Agreement was signed. The Vietnamese Workers' Party, headed by President Ho Chi Minh, advocated: We must expand the National United Front, strive to gain the cooperation of intellectuals, the bourgeoisie, democratic figures and patriotic gentlemen.
To implement the above policy, the Government reorganized the cabinet, inviting more non-Party figures and intellectuals to participate. Engineer Nghiem Xuan Yem was appointed Minister of Agriculture and Forestry.
In mid-1958, the Democratic Party held a Congress to determine the Party's tasks in the context of the country being temporarily divided into two regions, simultaneously carrying out two strategic tasks to achieve a common goal of completing national liberation. At the Congress, Engineer Nghiem Xuan Yem was elected General Secretary of the Democratic Party and assumed that responsibility until the Democratic Party completed its historical mission and declared its dissolution.
During the years 1958 to 1965 he was appointed as a member of the State Science Commission.
In 1960, Engineer Nghiem Xuan Yem was elected to the 2nd National Assembly. Due to the development requirements of the agricultural sector, the Government separated the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry into: Ministry of Agriculture, Ministry of Farms, General Department of Forestry, General Department of Fisheries and he was appointed Minister of Agriculture.
In January 1963, he was transferred to become Minister of Agriculture.
The General Offensive and Uprising and the historic Ho Chi Minh Campaign in the Spring of 1975 were completely victorious. That victory ended the war, liberated the South completely, restored peace, ended the division, and reunited the country. The Government appointed Engineer Nghiem Xuan Yem - a scientist with extensive knowledge and experience in the agricultural field - as Minister in charge of agricultural science and technology. He held that position until his retirement.
Regarding the legislature, he was elected by the people as a National Assembly delegate for 7 consecutive terms from the 2nd Term in 1960 to the 7th Term ending in 1987 and was Vice Chairman of the 7th National Assembly.
Mr. Nghiem Xuan Yem was the head of the Democratic Party for 30 years, from 1958 to October 30, 1988 - the day the Vietnam Democratic Party held its last meeting and decided to end its activities. During his 30 years as General Secretary, he led the Vietnam Democratic Party to make great contributions to the cause of national unity, strengthening and expanding the National United Front, making important contributions to the success of the August Revolution, to the two long-term resistance wars against French colonialism and American imperialism, completely liberating the South, bringing the country back together, and completing its glorious historical mission.
The first President of the Vietnam Gardening Association
Implementing Directive 35 of the Central Party Secretariat on family economic development, at the request of comrade Le Quang Dao - Secretary of the Central Party Committee and Secretary of the Party Delegation of the Front and especially of architect Huynh Tan Phat - Chairman of the Presidium of the Central Committee of the Vietnam Fatherland Front, a friend of the same age, the same age who worked and fought together in the General Student Association in the years 1939-1945 and later in the Democratic Party, he stood up to campaign for the establishment of the Vietnam Gardening Association with the purpose of: restoring and developing gardening - a traditional profession that has long been associated with farmers, after many years of war it has been lost. This is also an action to implement Uncle Ho's idea: "In the garden, under the fish pond" launched by the Central Committee of the Vietnam Fatherland Front to compete in developing family economy.
On January 13, 1986, with the support of the Central Committee of the Vietnam Fatherland Front, the National Congress of the Vietnam Gardening Association took place at the headquarters of the Front and elected Mr. Nghiem Xuan Yem as Chairman of the Association.
A Communist Party member
After the Democratic Party dissolved, he joined the Communist Party of Vietnam and worked in the Central Front Party Committee.
Having worked with him for 20 years in the Central Front and 13 years in the same Communist Party of Vietnam, long-time Front cadres have the same opinion: He is a patriotic intellectual, who has devoted his whole life to the revolution, to the nation, to the people, especially to the farmers. A leader who speaks with his actions, speaks less, does more, a shining example of "diligence, thrift, integrity, and uprightness" for all Front cadres at that time to look up to.
With his great contributions to the revolution and the nation, he was awarded by the Party, the State, and the Vietnam Fatherland Front: Gold Star Order; Ho Chi Minh Order; First Class Resistance Order; First Class Resistance Order against America; Medal "For the Cause of Great National Unity"; Posthumously awarded the Great Unity Order.
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