These are meticulously prepared draft laws, having undergone multiple rounds of review, incorporation of feedback, and revision based on the opinions of experts, scientists , businesses, and ministries, departments, and localities.
The simultaneous consideration and approval of five draft laws is not only a regular legislative activity of the National Assembly , but also demonstrates a step towards perfecting the overall institutional framework for the digital space, high technology, and intellectual property, creating a long-term legal framework for growth based on science, technology, and innovation.
The Artificial Intelligence Law is the first to establish a relatively comprehensive legal framework for the development, application, and governance of artificial intelligence (AI).
The bill clearly defines the fundamental principles in the management and use of AI: a human-centered approach; ensuring safety, security, and privacy; enhancing accountability of organizations and individuals deploying AI systems; and requiring transparency in the training, testing, and operation of models, especially large-scale AI models.
A key aspect of the law is its risk-based management approach. Accordingly, AI systems are classified according to their impact and risk levels, thus linking them to corresponding legal obligations. Applications posing a high risk to the legitimate rights and interests of organizations and individuals (in the fields of finance, healthcare, justice, labor, education, etc.) will have to meet stricter standards regarding data, verification, monitoring, and human intervention mechanisms. This approach allows for a balance between two objectives: encouraging innovation in AI and controlling potential social consequences. Simultaneously, the bill also initially addresses new issues such as AI-generated content, algorithmic ethics, and the responsibility of platforms providing cross-border AI services, laying the foundation for Vietnam to proactively integrate with international standards while maintaining digital sovereignty and national interests.
The Law on Digital Transformation serves as the "institutional infrastructure pillar" for the entire national digital transformation process.
The bill, for the first time, establishes legal standards for open data, digital identity, digital transactions, full-service online public services, and information system security in the digital environment.
Regarding data, the bill clarifies the concept and scope of open data, and the responsibilities of government agencies in sharing data to promote transparency, social oversight, and the formation of a healthy data market.
Regarding digital identity, the bill aims to build a unified, trustworthy identity platform to serve authentication in all electronic transactions, from administrative procedures and finance-banking to e-commerce and other digital services.
The Law on Digital Transformation also clarifies the requirement for full-process online public services, meaning that citizens and businesses can complete the entire procedure in a digital environment, without having to repeatedly resubmit information and documents already available in the state database.
Along with that is a system of regulations on cybersecurity, personal data protection, and prevention of acts of exploiting digital platforms to violate the law, disrupt the market, or infringe upon the legitimate rights and interests of organizations and individuals.
In the high-tech industry sector, the amended High-Tech Law is expected to create new impetus for the development of core industries such as chips, semiconductors, new materials, biotechnology, and intelligent automation.
After nearly two decades of implementation, many provisions of the 2008 High-Tech Law, such as incentives, technology lists, and high-tech park models, have revealed limitations in the face of rapid technological development and global competition. The draft law aims to adjust, update, and expand the scope of "high technology" to suit the new context; while simultaneously simplifying some procedures and linking incentives to criteria of efficiency, innovation, and technology dissemination.
Mechanisms to encourage the formation of innovation centers, technology incubators, and high-tech zones integrating research, production, and services are emphasized, thereby creating a favorable ecosystem for domestic technology enterprises to develop and attract high-quality FDI projects linked to knowledge and capacity transfer.
A notable point is that the bill strengthens the links between research institutes, universities, and high-tech businesses, considering this the central "triangle" of the innovation ecosystem. Incentive and support mechanisms are designed to encourage businesses to invest in R&D, commission research, and test new technologies right here in Vietnam.
Closely linked to high technology is the challenge of technology transfer and absorption. The Law on Technology Transfer (amended and supplemented in several articles) focuses on resolving long-standing obstacles in the commercialization of research results and technology transfer between domestic and foreign entities.
The bill shifts significantly from a "control" mindset to one that "promotes innovation," creating a more favorable environment for technology transactions. Regulations on technology valuation, technology-based equity contributions, profit sharing from technology exploitation, and risk sharing in research and development collaborations are clarified, aiming to transform technology into an asset that can be valued and traded transparently in the market.
In addition, the amended law also emphasizes the criteria of green technology, clean technology, and energy-saving technology, in line with Vietnam's commitment to net-zero emissions, thereby prioritizing the attraction and transfer of environmentally friendly, low-emission technologies to improve the quality of growth.
At the "output" of innovation, the Law amending and supplementing certain articles of the Intellectual Property Law plays a key role in transforming knowledge and research results into assets and resources for development.
In the context of intellectual property increasingly accounting for a significant proportion of business value and international competition, there is a need for a legal framework that keeps pace with the realities of the digital economy, big data, and AI technology. This revision of the Intellectual Property Law aims to: further harmonize domestic regulations with international commitments; clarify the scope and protection regime for certain types of rights; and enhance the transparency and feasibility of the mechanisms for establishing, exploiting, and enforcing these rights.
In particular, content related to the protection of copyright and related rights in the digital environment; the protection of trademarks, inventions, and industrial designs; and the handling of infringements in cyberspace and the AI environment are emphasized, aiming to ensure that creators, scientists, and businesses receive fair benefits from their intellectual achievements. As a result, the connection between the Intellectual Property Law, the Technology Transfer Law, and the High-Tech Law is strengthened, forming a closed policy chain from research and development, rights protection, transfer and commercialization to expanding production and business based on intellectual property.
The fact that the National Assembly is expected to vote on and pass these five draft laws simultaneously demonstrates a very high level of political determination to take a proactive step in institutional reform, creating a "legal runway" for the process of transforming the growth model, improving productivity, quality, and competitiveness of the economy in the coming period.
Previously, at the 9th Session of the 15th National Assembly, the National Assembly passed: the Law on Science, Technology and Innovation; the Law on Digital Technology Industry; the Law on Product Quality (amended); the Law on Vietnamese Technical Regulations and Standards (amended); and the Law on Atomic Energy (amended), creating a new legal framework to promote innovation, develop the digital economy, and master strategic technologies. The continuous improvement of the legal system in these pillars demonstrates the determination of the National Assembly and the Government to create a synchronized and advanced institutional environment, serving as a foundation for science, technology, innovation, and digital transformation to truly become the main driving force of socio-economic growth in the coming period.
Source: https://mst.gov.vn/quoc-hoi-du-kien-thong-qua-5-luat-lon-hoan-thien-khung-the-che-cho-linh-vuc-khcn-dmstcds-19725120909343488.htm
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