The Labor Code stipulates that from January 1, 2026, the retirement age under normal working conditions for men is 61 years and 6 months, and for women is 57 years old. The roadmap is to increase the retirement age by three months each year for male workers until reaching 62 years old in 2028, and by four months for female workers until reaching 60 years old in 2035.
The Law on Teachers, effective from January 1, 2026, stipulates two cases in which teachers can retire earlier or later than the prescribed age. At preschools , teachers can wish to retire early, but not more than 5 years older than the general regulations. Those who have paid 15 years of social insurance or more will not have their benefits reduced when retiring early. Accordingly, from 2026, male preschool teachers can retire if they are 56 years and 6 months old; female preschool teachers are 52 years old, provided they have paid 15 years of social insurance.
The current Social Insurance Law stipulates that people who retire early will have their benefits deducted by 2% for each year of early retirement. There is no deduction for less than 6 months of early retirement, and from 6 months to less than 12 months, there is a deduction of 1%. However, the Law on Teachers supplements the regulation that the monthly pension of preschool teachers who retire early will still be calculated as normal. Specifically, with 15 years of participating in social insurance, the benefit for female teachers is 45% of the average salary used as the basis for contribution, and for men it is 40%.
In public educational institutions, the policy of retirement at an older age applies to teachers with the title of professor, associate professor, doctoral degree or working in a specific specialized field or industry. The condition is that the educational institution has a need, the teacher is healthy, volunteering and meeting the standards of the unit.
The retirement age at an older age shall not exceed 5 years for those with a doctorate; not exceed 7 years for associate professors and not exceed 10 years for professors. Teachers who retire at an older age shall not be allowed to hold management positions. Thus, in 2026, if teachers retire later than the regulations, they shall not exceed 66 years and 6 months for men, 62 years for women with a doctorate; not exceed 68 years and 6 months for men, 64 years for women with the title of associate professor; not exceed 71 years and 6 months for men and 67 years for women with the title of professor.
Some cases of employees are allowed to retire early or later according to the Social Insurance Law, which has been implemented since July 1, 2025. Retirement at a lower age of no more than 5 years applies to people with a reduced working capacity of 61% to less than 81%. For each year of early retirement, 2% of the benefit rate will be deducted, up to a maximum of 10%. People with a reduction of less than 61% are not eligible for early retirement; if they want to retire and receive a pension, the social insurance payment period will be reserved until they reach the age, and the benefit rate will not be deducted.
The policy also applies to people doing particularly arduous, toxic, or dangerous work; working in particularly difficult areas. The condition is that the total time of compulsory social insurance payment is at least 15 years when doing the above jobs, or working in particularly difficult areas, including places with regional allowances of 0.7 or higher before January 1, 2021.
In addition, armed forces including police, army, cryptography, and regular militia (except in cases otherwise prescribed by specialized laws) are also allowed to retire early - no more than 56 years and 6 months for men and 52 years for women.
Retirement at a lower age of no more than 10 years applies to people with a working capacity reduction of over 81%; underground coal miners; people infected with HIV/AIDS due to accidents while on duty, with the condition of paying social insurance for 15 years or more.
In the voluntary social insurance sector , people who participated before January 1, 2021 and paid for 20 years or more are eligible for pension at age 60 for men and 55 for women. However, the voluntary social insurance policy has been implemented since 2008, so it has only been 17 years, so no one has had enough time to enjoy the above policy.
Policies in the Law on Social Insurance and the Labor Code help increase the number of people working until retirement age, reducing the number of people leaving work to receive pensions early. In 2016, the average retirement age of workers was 55.8 years old, which will increase to 56.6 years old in 2022. On average, female workers retire at 54.4 years old and male workers at 58.7 years old.
As the retirement age increases, the number of people receiving annual pensions will decrease from about 112,500 in 2020 to 72,600 in 2022. The number of people retiring early due to reduced working capacity (61%–81%) will also decrease, causing the average retirement age of this group to increase from 51.6 years old in 2016 to 53.9 years old in 2022.
The country currently has nearly 3.4 million people receiving monthly pension and social insurance benefits. The average pension in 2024 of beneficiaries from the Social Insurance Fund will reach nearly 7 million VND per month; separating the civil sector, the benefit level will reach about 6.2 million VND.
Source: https://baohatinh.vn/truong-hop-duoc-nghi-huu-truoc-tuoi-tu-112026-post300740.html
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