6 warning signs of cardiovascular disease

Cardiovascular disease is currently the leading cause of death globally. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), approximately 17.9 million people die from cardiovascular diseases each year, accounting for nearly 32% of all deaths. In Vietnam, cardiovascular disease is also increasing rapidly, especially conditions such as coronary artery disease, heart failure, arrhythmias, and myocardial infarction. Of particular concern is the fact that many cases are detected late because people are not aware of the early warning signs.

According to cardiologists , patients should seek timely medical attention if any of the following symptoms appear.

Chest pain is the most typical and common symptom of cardiovascular disease. The pain usually occurs in the left chest or behind the sternum, feeling tight, heavy, or constricting. The pain may radiate to the neck, chin, shoulder, left arm, or back. The pain often occurs during exertion or strong emotions, subsides with rest, but may recur with increasing frequency and intensity. This is an important warning sign of coronary artery disease or myocardial infarction.

Shortness of breath is a common symptom in people with heart disease, especially heart failure. Patients may feel breathless during light exercise, when lying with their head low, or even while at rest. In some cases, shortness of breath occurs suddenly at night, requiring the patient to sit up to breathe; this is known as paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea. This symptom reflects a decrease in the heart's pumping function.

Heart rhythm disorders manifest as feelings of anxiety, rapid heartbeat, palpitations, irregular heartbeat, or a heartbeat that is too slow. According to doctors, prolonged heart rhythm disorders can reduce blood supply to the brain and other organs, increasing the risk of stroke and heart failure if left untreated.

Bluish discoloration is a sign that the body is lacking oxygen. In healthy individuals, the skin is rosy and warm. When suffering from heart disease, especially congenital heart defects or severe heart failure, poor blood circulation can cause the skin to turn bluish, often noticeable on the lips, fingertips, and toes.

Dizziness, lightheadedness, or fainting can occur when the heart doesn't pump enough blood to the brain. This is a common symptom in patients with severe heart rhythm disorders, valvular heart disease, orthostatic hypotension, or advanced cardiovascular disease. Sudden fainting is a dangerous sign that requires emergency medical attention and specialized examination.

Lower extremity edema is a common symptom of heart failure. When the heart is not functioning efficiently, blood stagnates in the circulatory system, causing fluid to leak into the tissues, resulting in swelling in the ankles, feet, or lower legs. Edema is usually more noticeable at the end of the day and subsides with rest and elevation of the legs.

Early recognition of warning signs and timely medical check-ups play a crucial role in treating and preventing dangerous complications such as myocardial infarction, stroke, or end-stage heart failure. People, especially those over 40, with hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, or a family history of cardiovascular disease, should proactively undergo regular cardiovascular check-ups to protect their health and lives.

Source: https://soyte.camau.gov.vn/bai-khoa-hoc-chinh-tri-va-xa-hoi/6-dau-hieu-canh-bao-benh-tim-mach-292576