Prostatic hypertrophy, also known as prostatic hyperplasia, benign prostatic hyperplasia or benign prostatic hypertrophy... is a common disease in older men.
This article is expertly advised by Dr. Tra Anh Duy, Men's Health Center.
Reason
Currently, the exact cause of prostate enlargement is unknown.
Disease incidence
– The incidence of the disease increases with age.
– Rare before age 40, about 50% of men aged 50-60 and 90% of men aged 80-90 have this disease.
Symptom
Symptoms occur because the urethra is blocked and the bladder cannot empty all the urine. Therefore, problems may arise:
– Symptoms of irritation:
* Frequent urination day and night.
* Urgent urination.
* Frequent urination, especially at night.
– Symptoms of obstruction:
* Weak urine stream.
* Intermittent urination.
* Have to strain to urinate.
* Feeling of incomplete urination.
* Dripping urine, which can cause urinary retention.
Diagnose
– Diagnosis is through the patient being able to self-record symptoms using a symptom score and quality of life.
– Doctors evaluate the prostate in the following ways:
* Digital rectal examination to evaluate prostate characteristics.
* PSA (Prostate-Specific Antigen) quantitative test: This index is often high in cases of prostate cancer and prostatitis.
* Abdominal ultrasound evaluates the prostate and entire urinary system.
* Rectal ultrasound and prostate biopsy when prostate cancer is suspected.
* Uroflowmetry evaluates urine flow and can perform cystoscopy when necessary.
Treatment
Depending on the severity of the disease, doctors have appropriate treatment for each patient. Treatment is mainly based on the level of the patient's urination disorder, not much on the size of the prostate.
- Monitor:
* Patients with mild urination disorders that do not significantly affect quality of life only need periodic monitoring.
* Lifestyle changes will help improve symptoms such as reducing/quitting alcohol and coffee; moderate exercise; urinate as soon as you feel the need to urinate; Drink small amounts of water several times a day; Avoid drinking a lot of water before going to bed; Avoid stress.
- Use medicine:
Currently, many combination drugs such as bladder neck muscle relaxants, prostate size reducers... help slow disease progression and increase the patient's quality of life.
- Surgery:
In case of severe urination disorders or complications, surgical treatment is necessary:
* Laparoscopic prostatectomy using monopolar, bipolar, laser, prostate slitting...
* Open surgery.
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