The ancient capital of Hoa Lu was not only surrounded by ramparts and towering mountain ranges, but also by the Ngo Dong, Hoang Long, and Sao Khe rivers, which served as witnesses to the nation's history, embracing a rich system of tangible and intangible cultural heritage. The unique traditional folk festivals of the ancient capital were all held on the rivers, creating a vast cultural space that embodied high humanistic values and a rich national cultural identity, partly reflecting the diversity and richness of the spiritual life of the people of Thang An (Hanoi).

The procession of water on the Hoang Long River.







Photo collection by Truong Huy






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