Countering cyberattacks

The European Union (EU) recently conducted a cybersecurity exercise called Cyber ​​Europe 2026, with the participation of approximately 5,000 experts. The EU's caution is justified, given the numerous large-scale cyberattacks that have occurred in the past, causing significant damage.

The flag of the European Union at the headquarters of the European Commission in Brussels, Belgium. (Photo: Xinhua News Agency)

Cyber ​​Europe 2026 is the largest cybersecurity exercise in EU history, although the EU Cyber ​​Security Agency (ENISA) has previously organized seven similar, albeit smaller, exercises. Participants include cybersecurity experts from the public and private sectors, policymakers, EU institutions, and partner countries outside the bloc such as the UK, Norway, Switzerland, and Ukraine. The participation of thousands of cybersecurity professionals aims to test the bloc's ability to respond to attacks targeting critical transport infrastructure.

The exercise simulated large-scale cybersecurity incidents escalating into a full-blown crisis in Europe, aiming to test the ability of participants to handle complex situations and share information. For example, in late September 2025, a cyberattack targeting a number of major European airports, including Heathrow (UK), Brandenburg (Germany), and Brussels (Belgium), paralyzed the flight check-in system. Ground staff had to assist passengers manually, but the incident still left thousands stranded, causing prolonged congestion and numerous flight delays, cancellations, or postponements.

In Germany, the number of cyberattacks recorded in 2025 is projected to be 334,000, a 10% increase compared to 2024. While the number of attacks has only increased slightly, the resulting damage is at a record level: over $230 billion. These alarming figures, recently released by the technology giant Bitkom and the German Federal Criminal Police Office (BKA), demonstrate the increasing sophistication and unpredictability of cyberattacks. Even more concerning, the success rate for attacks originating from abroad is only about 2%, significantly lower than the 31.4% success rate for domestically committed cybercrimes.

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The EU's caution is justified, given that cyberattacks are causing significant damage to numerous countries across continents. For example, in South Korea, the "Cybersecurity Skills Gap 2026" report by cybersecurity firm Fortinet shows that 82% of businesses in the country will experience at least one cybersecurity breach in 2025. The average cost of damage from cyberattacks is projected to increase by 37% compared to 2024, reaching approximately 3.9 billion won (nearly $2.6 million). Attack methods are also diverse and unpredictable, including denial-of-service (DoS/DDoS) attacks (39%), phishing (37%), and ransomware (35%).

The Cyber ​​Europe 2026 exercise simulates a large-scale cyberattack that simultaneously paralyzes European rail and port networks, causing severe disruptions to transport and logistics. A report by ENISA indicates that transport was the second most targeted sector in 2024, accounting for 11% of all recorded cyber incidents, with 15% targeting the EU. ENISA assesses both maritime and rail transport as being in the top “risk zone” due to the slow pace of cybersecurity development. Both sectors face the common challenge of integrating legacy operating systems with modern infrastructure while maintaining stringent security and reliability standards.

European Commission Vice President for Technological Sovereignty and Security, Henna Virkkunen, stated that transport is the lifeblood of the economy and daily life, making it an increasingly attractive target for cyberattacks. When seaports and railways are attacked, the consequences are unimaginable. Cybersecurity threats can cross borders in seconds, and Europe needs to be equipped with the ability to act quickly and coordinate closely with partners outside the bloc.

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Source: https://nhandan.vn/doi-pho-tan-cong-mang-post969146.html