Mallory Weiss syndrome is characterized by acute gastrointestinal bleeding due to mucosal tears in the esophagus or near the stomach or a combination of both due to a sudden and sharp increase in abdominal pressure.
This article is expertly advised by Associate Professor, Dr. Nguyen Anh Tuan, Head of the Department of Digestive Surgery, Central Military Hospital 108.
Characteristics
– Mallory Weiss syndrome accounts for about 8-15% of cases of upper gastrointestinal bleeding.
– In most cases, bleeding can stop on its own.
– Severe bleeding can occur in about 10% of patients with this syndrome.
Reason
– The main causes are:
* Vomiting.
* Cough.
* Convulsion.
* Abdominal trauma.
* Stress.
* Difficult defecation.
* Cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
– Risk factors that contribute to this condition:
* Drink alcohol.
* Intermittent gastric hernia.
* Binge eating and lack of control.
* Bedwetting.
* Gastroesophageal reflux syndrome (GERD).
Among them, drinking alcohol is considered one of the most important risk factors. About 50-70% of patients with Mallory Weiss syndrome have a history of alcohol consumption.
Symptom
– Vomiting blood.
– Defecation of black stools like coffee grounds.
– Some other symptoms such as paleness, dizziness, fatigue, abdominal pain, chest pain, sweating, low blood pressure...
Diagnosis and treatment
– EGD (Esophagogastroduodenoscopy – Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy) has a role in determining diagnosis, thereby providing treatment intervention.
– Unsuccessful treatment of EGD may require vascular intervention.
– If vascular intervention is not successful, surgery can be performed.
Preventive
– Eat scientifically, with priority given to a diet rich in fiber and vitamins.
– Limit drinking alcohol and fast food (fried chicken, frozen meat...).
– Avoid eating spicy, hot, sour, salty foods that are harmful to the stomach and intestines or foods that irritate the stomach.
– Maintain an exercise regimen for at least 30 minutes a day to help bowel movements run smoothly.
– Do not eat too much or be too hungry.
– Do not exercise vigorously or lie down immediately after eating to avoid the risk of stomach pain and gastroesophageal reflux.
– Take care of the digestive system to improve immunity by periodically deworming, supplementing digestive enzymes, collagen and vitamins...
– When you have symptoms of suspected gastrointestinal bleeding, you should go to the nearest medical facility for timely examination and treatment.
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