Tetanus is an acute disease caused by the exotoxin (tetanus exotoxin) of the tetanus bacterium (Clostridium tetani) that develops in wounds under anaerobic conditions.
This article was professionally reviewed by Dr. Nguyen Huy Luan, Pediatric Clinic - Vaccination, University Medical Center of Ho Chi Minh City.
Tetanus bacteria
- Tetanus bacteria are found in the soil and are ubiquitous.
- Under anaerobic conditions, tetanus spores develop into bacteria and produce a very potent toxin.
- The bloodstream and lymphatic system can spread toxins throughout the body.
- The toxin acts on several locations in the central nervous system, causing muscle spasms and paralysis in various parts of the body.
- If left untreated, it can lead to respiratory arrest and even death.
People at high risk of developing the disease
- Pregnant women
There is a risk of developing illnesses during labor.
Bacterial infection causes uterine tetanus.
Other body parts may also be affected if complications arise.
- Newborns
+ It can occur through the cut of the umbilical cord.
Medical instruments were not properly sterilized, allowing bacteria to enter.
- Farmers and farm workers
+ Due to frequent contact with mud, fertilizers, poultry, foreign objects, etc.
+ Workplaces also harbor many tetanus bacteria.
- Worker
+ Due to frequent contact with soil, sand, and sharp construction materials such as metal, concrete, and steel...
+ There is a high risk of injury and tetanus infection.
- People with diabetes
+ History of immunosuppressive drug use or immunodeficiency disease.
+ Use intravenous injections.
Prevention methods
The best way is to get a tetanus vaccine.
- Everyone is advised to get vaccinated against the disease. Those at high risk especially need to be vaccinated.
America and Italy
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