What is back stiffness and pain?

I am 52 years old and have recently experienced back pain and stiffness, reduced mobility, and difficulty turning my head towards my back.

My family has a history of knee and hand arthritis. Could I have spinal arthritis, and how should it be treated? (Nguyen Thi Diem, Tien Giang )

Reply:

Back stiffness, reduced mobility, and difficulty turning the neck can be signs of many conditions. Some common causes include paraspinal muscle spasms, spinal degeneration, and autoimmune diseases causing arthritis in the spinal region. Joints with high activity and weight-bearing capacity, such as the cervical and lumbar spine, are most affected.

Arthritis causes swelling, pain, and stiffness in the joints. It commonly occurs in joints that are frequently used in daily activities, such as the hands, knees, and even the spine (where more than 30 small vertebrae are stacked on top of each other).

The most common types of arthritis are osteoarthritis (often called degenerative joint disease) and rheumatoid arthritis. Osteoarthritis occurs when the cartilage covering the ends of bones wears away, usually related to age and the intensity of joint use. Rheumatoid arthritis, on the other hand, is a condition where the body's immune system mistakenly attacks the joints, causing pain and swelling. If left untreated, the bones and joints continue to wear down, potentially leading to deformities.

To accurately diagnose the condition and develop an appropriate treatment plan, you should see a doctor for a direct examination. Sometimes, additional blood tests and X-rays may be necessary to determine the cause of your arthritis. Depending on your specific condition, the doctor may prescribe one or more treatment methods such as medication, physical therapy, or surgery.

In daily life, patients should regularly exercise at an appropriate intensity. Simple exercises such as walking and cycling help improve musculoskeletal strength and reduce symptoms. Maintaining a healthy weight can reduce pressure on the joints, thereby reducing pain and slowing disease progression. Avoid smoking, limit alcohol consumption, and get adequate rest.

Dr. Nguyen Tan Vu
Department of Musculoskeletal Disorders, Tam Anh General Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City

Readers with questions about bone and joint diseases can submit their questions here.

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