Institutional breakthroughs create new impetus.

Members of the National Assembly press the button to approve the Resolution on some special mechanisms and policies to create breakthroughs in the development and implementation of laws. (Photo: THUY NGUYEN)

Under the comprehensive leadership of the Party, legislative thinking has been reformed in recent times to ensure both the effectiveness of state management and the promotion of creativity, unleashing development resources, and creating breakthroughs in the effective, strict, and unified implementation of laws.

A fundamental shift in legislative thinking.

The work of drafting and enforcing laws by the National Assembly, the Government , central and local ministries and agencies has undergone shifts from thinking to action.

Reporting to the National Assembly on the past term, National Assembly Chairman Tran Thanh Man emphasized that legislative activities have undergone strong innovation in thinking and drafting processes, demonstrating proactiveness, creativity, and early preparation to play the role of "taking a step ahead in institutional development," meeting practical requirements.

During this term, the National Assembly passed a Resolution amending and supplementing several articles of the 2013 Constitution to institutionalize the Party's major policies, especially regarding the restructuring of the state apparatus towards a "streamlined, effective, efficient, people-oriented, and practical" model. A large volume of documents and policies were also reviewed and amended to ensure the effective operation of the two-tiered local government model. The National Assembly passed many "pioneering" laws such as the Law on Artificial Intelligence, the Law on Digital Technology Industry, and special mechanisms for education and healthcare, creating a legal framework for new issues in the digital age.

According to Nguyen Thi Thuy, Deputy Chair of the National Assembly's Committee on Law and Justice, this represents a new approach to lawmaking, reducing the time and procedures involved, reversing roles in law drafting, and innovating thinking in addressing legal bottlenecks. Instead of the previous requirement to enact specific laws with immediate effect, the recently enacted laws only stipulate framework and principled issues within the National Assembly's jurisdiction; specific, constantly changing practical issues are left to the Government to regulate, aiming for flexible policy responses and creating momentum for growth.

As the executive branch, the government's legislative work has also been innovative and flexible. The government proactively and actively proposes numerous draft laws with open and constructive mechanisms and policies, contributing to the completion of the socialist rule of law and the socialist-oriented market economy, thereby promptly addressing bottlenecks and obstacles in the mechanisms.

During the complex developments of the Covid-19 pandemic, the Government submitted to the National Assembly for consideration and approval Resolution No. 43/2022/QH15 on fiscal and monetary policies to support the socio-economic recovery and development program. This resolution included many unprecedented policies allowing the use of a very large amount of resources to promptly address urgent issues. The resolution contributed to effective prevention and control of the Covid-19 pandemic, bringing social life back to normal, and promoting the economy to overcome difficulties, recover, and grow...

The Government regularly organizes thematic sessions on lawmaking to thoroughly understand the practical situation, promptly resolve difficulties and obstacles, and amend and supplement policies. The mindset in lawmaking has also shifted from "management" to "development-oriented," and from "pre-approval" to "post-approval." The organization and implementation of laws have been tightened with stricter discipline and a greater emphasis on the responsibility of leaders.

"Guidelines" in lawmaking and enforcement

To concretize the Resolution of the 13th National Congress, in April 2025, the Politburo issued Resolution No. 66-NQ/TW on reforming the work of lawmaking and implementation to meet the requirements of national development in the new era. The Central Steering Committee on institutional and legal improvement, directly under the Politburo and chaired by General Secretary To Lam, was established to provide timely and comprehensive leadership and guidance in organizing the implementation of solutions to improve institutions and laws.

After its implementation, the Resolution has brought about significant changes with many breakthroughs in the work of building and perfecting institutions and laws, meeting the requirements of national development. Difficulties and obstacles caused by legal regulations have been "specifically identified" to focus on resolving them according to their level of urgency.

By the end of December 2025, the goal of "basically completing the removal of legal bottlenecks by 2025" had been achieved. A roadmap for perfecting the legal system structure was also developed, reducing the number of legal documents based on the principle that each agency only issues one type of legal document, contributing to building a streamlined, transparent, and accessible legal system. Policies were "designed" according to the principle of "putting citizens and businesses at the center of policy design," focusing on drastically cutting approximately 800 data-driven administrative procedures, thereby "eliminating" barriers for businesses and citizens.

In line with the spirit of promoting the application of digital technology in reforming thinking in lawmaking and implementation as outlined in Resolution No. 66-NQ/TW, many processes for drafting, reviewing, and preparing legal documents have integrated artificial intelligence (AI) and exploited open data, enabling agencies to conduct policy impact analysis more quickly and comprehensively, early detection of formal contradictions and substantive overlaps, and minimizing legal conflicts.

National Assembly Chairman Tran Thanh Man stated that in the last four sessions of the 15th National Assembly term, the National Assembly clearly demonstrated a spirit of innovation in lawmaking; applying science and technology, and artificial intelligence. The application of National Assembly 2.0, with many outstanding improvements and the integration of AI virtual assistants, helped the National Assembly pass a large number of laws and resolutions at its sessions. National Assembly delegate Nguyen Thanh Phuong (from Can Tho City delegation) said that without digital transformation and the application of artificial intelligence, it would have been very difficult to complete such a large volume of work.

Digital transformation not only brings a breath of fresh air to lawmaking but also creates impressive results in policy implementation. Over 230,000 questions were submitted to the AI Legal application – a digital assistant answering legal questions – on the National Legal Portal, with an 84% satisfaction rate after just a few months of implementation... Over 8 trillion VND in civil enforcement funds from the Van Thinh Phat case were deposited into the accounts of over 40,000 bondholders, instead of tens of thousands of paper documents as before. The entire civil enforcement process operates on a digital platform. AI will help automate data extraction, task assignment, and progress monitoring, while citizens can easily interact, search for files, and receive notifications via QR code and VNeID.

According to the Central Steering Committee on Institutional and Legal Improvement, the results achieved are only the initial steps, and practical realities continue to present new demands, requiring the more vigorous and effective implementation of Resolution No. 66-NQ/TW in the spirit of "what is already good needs to be even better".

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