Kinhtedothi - In the process of urban development, the effective exploitation and use of underground space plays a particularly important role. The 2024 Capital City Law, in Article 19 "Management and use of underground space," has resolved bottlenecks in underground space planning...
Underground spaces are zoned according to function for management, exploitation, and utilization.
According to Article 19 of the 2024 Law on the Capital City regarding the management and use of underground space, the management and use of underground space must adhere to the following principles: Based on a thorough assessment of natural conditions, geology, geomorphology, and hydrology; and in accordance with strategies, plans, and programs.
Ensuring national defense and security; prioritizing dual-use projects that can be readily converted to serve national defense and security needs; preserving cultural spaces and environmental landscapes, historical and cultural relics, and scenic spots; ensuring synchronous connection with above-ground spaces and related underground construction spaces.
"Developing and effectively utilizing urban underground space can improve the city's ecological environment, significantly reduce urban pollution, preserve the city's historical and cultural landscape, increase the efficiency of the city's green space, and expand the capacity of infrastructure to some extent. Rational planning of urban underground space can not only accelerate the city's development but also enhance its economic and social benefits. Therefore, urban underground space must be developed and utilized effectively so that the city can develop faster and better," said Dr. Nguyen Cong Giang (Hanoi University of Architecture) .
The construction of underground structures, including foundations, piles, and the above-ground parts of the structure, must be carried out in accordance with the construction investment project, the construction investment project's components, or the construction permit as prescribed by construction law.
Furthermore, underground space must be functionally zoned for management, exploitation, and use. Land users within the city limits are permitted to use the underground space vertically within the boundaries of their land parcels, from the ground surface to the depth limit stipulated by the Government and in accordance with the approved plan. The use of underground space beyond the depth limit stipulated by the Government requires a permit in accordance with the approved plan.
Organizations and individuals permitted by the State to use underground space beyond the depth limits stipulated by the Government for the construction of underground structures must pay for the use of underground space, except in cases where they are exempt from or granted a reduction in the fee for the use of underground space for non-commercial underground structures, those included in the list of encouraged investment projects, or other cases as stipulated by the Government.
The City People's Council has issued a list of underground projects that are encouraged for investment and construction.
Improving the efficiency and quality of urban planning.
Discussing the significance and role of underground space development, Associate Professor Dr. Nguyen Hong Tien - former Director of the Infrastructure Department (Ministry of Construction) affirmed that the effective use, exploitation, and development of underground space bring many benefits. Specifically, the first and most obvious benefit is improving the efficiency and quality of urban planning, reorganizing urban construction space; increasing the value of land use and rationally utilizing urban land for housing and public works construction; and contributing to the formation and development of the underground real estate market.
Furthermore, the development of underground spaces contributes to solving urban traffic problems; efficiently utilizing land resources; and minimizing the impact of environmental pollution. More importantly, it creates benefits in terms of safety and national defense. Accordingly, underground structures are used as a secure defense system in the event of natural disasters or war...
"To accelerate the development of underground spaces, Hanoi should first consider and research using budget funds as 'seed' capital to invest in a number of underground projects and parking lots. This will, on the one hand, alleviate the overload of parking infrastructure in densely populated areas, and on the other hand, create a ripple effect in attracting investors to this field," Associate Professor Dr. Nguyen Hong Tien stated.
According to Professor Hoang Van Cuong, a member of the National Assembly's Finance and Budget Committee and a National Assembly representative from Hanoi, in some urban areas of Hanoi, underground space has expanded beyond the boundaries of buildings. Similarly, in the city center, future renovations of old apartment complexes like Kim Lien, Trung Tu, and Thanh Cong will necessitate such changes, transforming these areas into future underground cities. Only then will above-ground space be available for public use, especially for urban transportation. A modern city must be like this, and only then will it generate the revenue for investors to build higher structures to compensate residents.
Such underground cities will have integrated transportation networks, with urban rail lines running through them, making daily life, commuting, and shopping very convenient; thereby attracting people to live there.
Regarding the limitation of underground space depth, separate regulations are needed for each area. For example, in central Hanoi, where many buildings are located along urban railway lines, the underground space regulations should be different. Areas with national defense and security facilities should also have different regulations. Therefore, the depth, in meters, should be determined based on the specific area, and the government should issue a decree specifying this in detail; this would be more appropriate. Applying a uniform depth of 15 meters would not be feasible.
Sharing his views on the management and utilization of urban underground space in Hanoi, Dr. Nguyen Cong Giang (Hanoi University of Architecture) stated that Hanoi is facing challenges in managing and utilizing underground space in the context of increasingly rapid urban development. The strong development of urban underground space is a necessary criterion for measuring the level of modernization of Hanoi and is an inevitable trend of urban development.
"To build Hanoi into an increasingly modern city, it is necessary to further strengthen the coordination between underground and above-ground spaces, promote scientific planning, rationally utilize and meticulously manage underground space resources through concrete efforts, and at the same time build high-quality underground space management," said Dr. Nguyen Cong Giang.
Source: https://kinhtedothi.vn/quan-ly-su-dung-khong-gian-ngam-trong-luat-thu-do-2024.html
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