Civil enforcement in the digital environment

(Chinhphu.vn) - According to Decree No. 152/2026/ND-CP, the Ministry of Justice is responsible for building, managing, and operating the digital platform for civil enforcement to serve civil enforcement activities, monitor administrative enforcement, and manage the organization and activities of enforcement officers.

Regulations on the execution of civil judgments in the digital environment.

The Government issued Decree No. 152/2026/ND-CP detailing some provisions and measures for the implementation of the Law on Civil Judgment Enforcement.

The Decree comprises 5 chapters and 116 articles, detailing several provisions and measures for organizing and guiding the implementation of the Law on Civil Judgment Enforcement regarding civil judgment enforcement procedures, handling complaints and denunciations, ensuring financial resources from the budget for judgment enforcement, and the duties, powers, and responsibilities of agencies and organizations in civil judgment enforcement. Of particular note are the regulations on conducting civil judgment enforcement in the digital environment. This represents a significant shift in the law enforcement process from July 1, 2026, moving from traditional working methods to the digital age.

The digital environment in civil enforcement

According to the Decree, the means used in the digital environment for the enforcement of civil judgments include:

a) Digital platform for civil enforcement;

b) National Public Service Portal, the Ministry of Justice 's centralized administrative procedure processing information system;

c) Application of the National Identification System (VNeID);

d) Portals and websites of civil enforcement management agencies and civil enforcement agencies;

(d) Email and other means as prescribed by law.

Depending on the specific circumstances, the civil enforcement agency may use one or more of the aforementioned means.

Digital platform for civil enforcement

The decree stipulates that the Ministry of Justice is responsible for developing, managing, and operating a digital platform for civil enforcement to serve civil enforcement activities, monitor administrative enforcement, and manage the organization and activities of enforcement officers.

The construction and operation of a digital platform for civil enforcement is carried out through investment, leasing of information technology services, software leasing, digital platform leasing, leasing based on the number of user accounts, or other forms as prescribed by law.

The digital platform for civil enforcement is implemented in a centralized and unified manner, ensuring connectivity and data sharing, forming a database on civil enforcement to serve the activities of civil enforcement management agencies under the Ministry of Justice, civil enforcement agencies, and enforcement officers.

Funding for these tasks is secured from the state budget and other legitimate sources. The management and use of funds shall comply with the provisions of the law on the state budget, public investment, science , technology, innovation, digital transformation, digital technology industry, and other relevant laws.

Delivery and receipt of civil judgments and enforcement decisions.

The decree stipulates that the delivery and receipt of judgments and decisions shall be carried out directly, in the digital environment, or through postal services.

In cases where judgments and decisions are sent digitally, the time at which the civil enforcement agency receives the judgment or decision is determined is the time when the electronic device records the successful receipt of complete and valid data in accordance with the law on electronic transactions.

In cases where judgments or decisions are received directly or through postal services, the delivery and receipt must be signed by both the sender and the recipient in the judgment/decision receipt log; the time of receipt of the judgment or decision is the date the civil enforcement agency signs for receipt.

Upon receiving a judgment or decision, the civil enforcement agency must check it and record it in the register of received judgments and decisions.

The register for receiving judgments and decisions must show the serial number; the date, month, and year; the method of receiving the judgment or decision; the number, date, month, and year of the judgment or decision and the name of the agency issuing the judgment or decision; the name and address of the party involved; and other relevant documents.

Request for enforcement of civil judgment

The party concerned may request enforcement of the judgment from the competent civil enforcement agency in one of the following ways (*):

a) Submit requests digitally through the National Public Service Portal, the Ministry of Justice's centralized administrative procedure resolution information system, the VNeID application, or other electronic means as prescribed by law;

b) Submitting a request in person or making an oral presentation. In the case of an oral presentation, the civil enforcement agency must draw up a record containing the contents of the request for enforcement, signed by the person drawing up the record, and signed or fingerprinted by the person making the request; this record has the same value as a written request;

c) Submit the application via postal service;

d) Other forms as prescribed by law.

A request for enforcement of a judgment must include the following main contents:

a) Information of the applicant, the person entitled to enforcement, and the person obligated to enforcement, including: full name; address; date of birth; personal identification number, agency/organization identification number; business/cooperative registration number, telephone number (if any);

b) Date, month, and year of the request for enforcement of the judgment;

c) Name of the civil enforcement agency requested;

d) Number, date, month, year, and issuing authority of the judgment or decision;

d) Enforcement requirements;

e) Information about the assets and conditions for enforcing the judgment against the person obligated to comply (if any);

g) If the applicant is the person against whom the judgment is being enforced, clearly state the bank account number for receiving the money (if any);

h) In cases where enforcement of a judgment is requested in the form prescribed in point a, clause 1 above, it must be carried out according to the regulations of the competent authority regarding the form of the request on that means; in cases where enforcement of a judgment is requested in the form prescribed in points b and c, clause 1 above, the signature or fingerprint of the person making the request must be present; if it is a legal entity, the signature of the legal representative and the seal of that legal entity must be present;

i) Judgments, decisions; related documents (if any). In cases where enforcement of an arbitration award is requested, information and documents must be provided regarding the court's acceptance of the application to annul the arbitration award, the registration of the arbitration award, or other information and documents proving the validity and enforceability of the arbitration award as prescribed.

The date of request for enforcement is the date the request is successfully sent via the means specified in point a of (*) above; the date the civil enforcement agency receives the application or makes a record in the case specified in point b of (*) above; or the date recorded on the stamp of the postal enterprise where the request was sent in the case specified in point c of (*) above.

Upon receiving a request for enforcement, the civil enforcement agency must issue a request receipt form. The civil enforcement agency will only register the request for enforcement in the register when the content of the enforcement request and accompanying documents are accurate and complete as prescribed.

In cases where a judgment or decision mandates periodic or varying enforcement periods, upon receiving a request for enforcement for subsequent periods, the civil enforcement agency shall utilize the previously received judgment or decision to issue an enforcement decision, prepare an enforcement file, and organize enforcement in accordance with the law.

If the content of the enforcement request and accompanying documents are inaccurate or incomplete, within one working day from the date of receiving the request, the civil enforcement agency shall notify the requester to amend or supplement the information.

Notice of enforcement of judgment in the digital environment

1. Notifications regarding the enforcement of judgments shall be made in a digital environment, except as stipulated in Articles 16, 17, 18, and 19 of this Decree.

2. Notifications in the digital environment are made through the VNeID application. The date the VNeID application indicates that the notification has been sent is the date the notification is valid.

3. Parties involved, and those with related rights and obligations, are responsible for accessing the VNeID application to receive notifications about enforcement of judgments and to exercise their rights and obligations.

4. The national population database management agency is responsible for integrating, securing, connecting, and sharing enforcement notices on the VNeID application.

5. If the party concerned requests notification via another electronic means, the civil enforcement agency may simultaneously notify via that means.

This Decree takes effect from July 1, 2026; repealing Decree No. 62/2015/ND-CP dated July 18, 2015 of the Government detailing and guiding the implementation of a number of articles of the Law on Civil Judgment Enforcement, as amended and supplemented by Decree No. 120/2016/ND-CP, Decree No. 33/2020/ND-CP and Decree No. 152/2024/ND-CP.

Transitional provisions

For enforcement cases that have been partially or not fully executed before this Decree takes effect, but where the enforcement procedures have been carried out in accordance with the Law on Civil Judgment Enforcement and its implementing guidelines, the results of the enforcement shall be recognized; subsequent enforcement procedures shall continue to be carried out in accordance with the provisions of this Decree.

The implementation of procedures for enforcing judgments in the digital environment as stipulated in this Decree shall be carried out as soon as the conditions are met and are announced by the Ministry of Justice on the Ministry of Justice's electronic portal.

Source: https://baochinhphu.vn/thi-hanh-an-dan-su-tren-moi-truong-so-102260513232322025.htm