08/08/2023 13:04
In addition to the great economic, national defense, security and social security benefits that hydropower brings, the process of implementing hydropower projects so far in Kon Tum province still has shortcomings and limitations. should be taken care of and remedied.
Currently, in the province and inter-province, there are 9 large hydroelectric plants built and put into operation with a total capacity of 2.313MW. In addition, the province approved the planning of 81 small and medium hydropower sites with a total installed capacity of 870,6MW, of which 28 projects have been completed, with a total capacity of 329,4MW.
The implementation of investment in construction of large, medium and small hydroelectric power plants has made an important contribution to overcoming the shortage of energy, ensuring the security of energy sources for the country and the province. . Hydroelectricity has contributed to increase the value of industrial production and increase the province's budget revenue. Specifically: In 2015, the provincial budget collected VND 504 billion; in 2018 is 799 billion dong; 2021 is VND 898 billion…
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In addition to storing water for power generation, water reservoirs have contributed to the regulation of flood control and drought prevention for downstream areas, supplying water for production and daily life, improving humidity and regulating the sub-climate; at the same time creating opportunities for the development of a number of new industries and services such as aquaculture, fishing, eco-tourism, service activities. Resettlement areas are invested in building spacious houses and adequate infrastructure to create favorable conditions for the community to trade and develop economic, cultural and social services, contributing to improving the quality of life. improve the material and spiritual life for people in remote, isolated and disadvantaged areas.
However, besides the great benefits in terms of economy, national defense, security and social security that hydropower brings, the process of implementing hydropower projects still has shortcomings that need to be taken care of and overcome. That is, most hydropower projects occupy forest areas to build dams, reservoirs, and canals. Meanwhile, the replacement of afforestation is not enough compared to the lost forest area. The loss of forests has made the floods more intense and devastating.
Due to the large amount of silt being trapped before flowing through the turbine, the downstream habitats are degraded, there is not enough organic and inorganic nutrients to supply the species, affecting the stability of the river. Ecosystem. In addition, the accumulation and discharge of water in the lake bed has caused periods of dry river water, affecting aquatic ecosystems, causing some species to decline or not exist.
Hydroelectricity affects exploitation and use of water and mineral resources, degrades the environment, and changes climate. The accumulation and discharge of water disrupts the natural flow of the river. In the dry season, water flow decreases, affecting water supply for domestic use, irrigation, transportation, and fishing. In contrast, in the rainy season, the reservoir water flow increases and in order to ensure the safety of the dam, it must operate to release water, causing local flooding. In addition, the reservoir also stores a large amount of silt and sand, causing a significant reduction in the amount of mud and sand downstream, which greatly affects exploitation for production.
Hydropower also affects the economic environment and the lives of displaced households. Most of the hydroelectric projects affect swidden land, industrial cropland, and paddy fields located along rivers and streams, which are moist, fertile and very important sources of income for households. However, the compensation land is not of the right type, the area is less than that of the acquired place, and the life in the new place is also different from the old one, which has caused certain difficulties for the resettlement area.
Although there are still shortcomings, it is undeniable that the clean and cheap energy source of hydroelectric power plants in the province has brought many great benefits to the province such as budget revenue, stabilizing power sources. , providing water sources for production, daily life, infrastructure development, changing the face of remote areas.
The above-mentioned inadequacies are not force majeure but are just consequences of limited capacity and responsibility; lack of coordination in the implementation process. If managers, businesses, and authorities at all levels are interested, carefully considered and implemented in a synchronous and scientific manner from planning, surveying, design, construction to inspection, monitoring and handling violations, these shortcomings will be limited and overcome. Then hydroelectricity will be really an important resource to help the province develop stably and sustainably; to help people live a happy and prosperous life.
Nguyen Ngoc Son
