Vietnam is one of the countries with the highest rates of hepatitis B virus infection in the world , with an estimated 10-20% of the population infected.
Vietnam is one of the countries with the highest rates of hepatitis B virus infection in the world, with an estimated 10-20% of the population infected.
Hepatitis B (HBV) is a dangerous chronic disease that causes more than 600,000 deaths annually worldwide. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), as of 2019, approximately 296 million people worldwide were living with chronic hepatitis B, equivalent to 3.3% of the global population.
Each year, approximately 1.5 million new cases are reported, and 820,000 people die from complications of hepatitis B, including cirrhosis and liver cancer.
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Vietnam is one of the countries with the highest rates of hepatitis B virus infection in the world, with an estimated 10-20% of the population infected.
This rate is much higher than the global average, meaning that 1-2 out of every 10 Vietnamese people are infected with the hepatitis B virus. This poses a serious threat to public health and increases the burden of disease in Vietnam.
According to the Ministry of Health , the prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection in some population groups in Vietnam ranges from 8% to 25%, while the prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection is approximately 2.5-4.1%. Statistics also show that more than 23,000 people die each year from hepatitis B and nearly 7,000 deaths are due to hepatitis C.
Besides viral hepatitis (A, B, C, D, E), other factors such as alcohol, Western medicine, traditional medicine, contaminated food, and environmental pollution also contribute to the increased incidence of the disease.
Chronic hepatitis B can lead to many serious complications such as cirrhosis, liver failure, and liver cancer. One particularly serious complication is acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF), a complex syndrome with a high mortality rate of 50-90% if not treated promptly.
In fact, these complications often develop rapidly and are very dangerous, especially when patients have risk factors such as viral infections and alcohol abuse.
Hepatitis B and C can both be transmitted through three main routes: blood, sexual contact, and mother-to-child transmission. While the hepatitis B virus can cause both acute and chronic infections, the disease is treatable with antiviral medications. However, there is still no cure for hepatitis B; treatment only focuses on controlling the virus and minimizing complications.
The danger is that in the early stages, hepatitis B often has no obvious symptoms, causing many people to be unaware that they are infected until severe complications appear.
Hepatitis B is now prevented by a vaccine and is included in Vietnam's expanded immunization program. However, the incidence remains very high, especially among adults and during the Covid-19 pandemic. Vaccination is the most effective way to prevent hepatitis B and serious complications such as cirrhosis and liver cancer, with a protection rate of up to 95%.
Early detection and timely treatment of hepatitis B are crucial to preventing dangerous complications. According to Associate Professor Dr. Do Duy Cuong, Director of the Center for Tropical Diseases, Bach Mai Hospital, hepatitis B often has no clear symptoms.
Therefore, many patients only come to the hospital when they have already developed complications such as jaundice, cirrhosis, or liver cancer. He also emphasized that the Center records many patients coming for examination every day without knowing they are infected with hepatitis B, because most of the symptoms of the disease are very subtle, and by the time they come to the hospital, they have already encountered severe complications.
Treating chronic hepatitis B requires patients to strictly adhere to their doctor's instructions. Associate Professor Dr. Do Duy Cuong stated, "If hepatitis B patients are well-monitored and adhere to their prescribed medication, their condition will stabilize, the risk of cirrhosis and liver cancer will be very low, and the chances of survival will be much higher." Conversely, if medication is discontinued or treatment is not followed correctly, the disease can progress very quickly and become difficult to treat.
In addition to vaccination, hepatitis B can be prevented through measures such as not sharing needles or other instruments that may come into contact with blood.
Wear gloves when handling blood or open wounds. Ensure tattooing or piercing services use sterile equipment, and avoid sharing personal items such as toothbrushes, razors, or nail clippers; practice safe sex.
According to Dr. Nguyen Tuan Hai of the Safpo/Potec vaccination system, hepatitis B is a dangerous chronic disease that causes many serious complications such as cirrhosis and liver cancer. Early detection and treatment are crucial to prevent dangerous complications and improve the quality of life for patients.
Vaccination, implementing personal protective measures, and undergoing regular health checkups are effective ways to minimize the risk of disease. Every citizen needs to proactively learn about the disease and take preventive measures to protect their own health and the health of the community.
For those who have been vaccinated, antibody testing is not necessary, as the vaccine already provides protection. However, those at high risk, especially those with a family history of hepatitis B, should undergo regular screening tests for early detection.
Source: https://baodautu.vn/can-thiet-tiem-vac-xin-viem-gan-b-d239523.html
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