- On January 23, 1941, the Bac Son National Salvation Army - the predecessor of the Vietnam People's Army was officially established in the Khuoi Noi forest (Vu Lam village, Vu Le commune, Bac Son district). Comrade Luong Van Tri, member of the Standing Committee of the Bac Ky Regional Party Committee, was honored to become the first Captain of the team, Commander of the Bac Son - Vo Nhai base area. As a talented political and military officer of the Party, he made many great contributions and dedications to the formation and development of the Bac Son National Salvation Army (later called the National Salvation Army I).
Comrade Luong Van Tri participated in revolutionary activities very early. In January 1928, he and comrade Hoang Van Thu went to Long Chau (China) to work and became one of the first party members of Lang Son province.
At the end of 1931, he was selected by the organization to be sent to the Whampoa Military School (Guangzhou, China) for training to serve the Vietnamese revolution according to Nguyen Ai Quoc's policy. In May 1936, he returned to the country to work, working with comrade Hoang Van Thu to develop the Party in Lang Son. In November 1939, he was appointed by the Party Central Committee to join the Northern Regional Party Committee, as a member of the Standing Committee of the Regional Party Committee in charge of military affairs.
In November 1940, after a period of directly leading the revolutionary movement in Bac Son, carrying out two important tasks: founding the guerrilla team and building the Bac Son guerrilla base, comrade Tran Dang Ninh (Member of the Bac Ky Regional Party Committee) returned to the lowlands to report to the Central Committee and the Bac Ky Regional Party Committee and ask for instructions on the Bac Son revolutionary movement. At the 7th Central Conference held in Dinh Bang (Bac Ninh) from November 6 to 9, 1940, at the proposal of comrade Tran Dang Ninh, the Central Committee agreed to maintain and develop the Bac Son guerrilla team and the guerrilla base, moving towards building the Bac Son - Vo Nhai revolutionary base.
As an excellent son of his hometown of Lang Son with a lot of experience in the area, and a solid political and military officer with extensive knowledge and thorough training, comrade Luong Van Tri was trusted by the Party Central Committee to be the Commander of the Bac Son Guerrilla Team - continuing the work of comrade Tran Dang Ninh before. At the same time, he implemented the Central Committee's plan to build the Bac Son - Vo Nhai base as a base for the whole country.
In January 1941, comrade Luong Van Tri arrived in Bac Son to carry out his new mission. Here, he quickly gathered and consolidated the guerrilla team, purchased and equipped more weapons, and organized training in guerrilla tactics for the team members. At the same time, he strongly developed the self-defense force to create additional resources for the guerrilla team.
In addition, he directed the opening of a number of military and political training classes in Khuoi Noi for the Bac Son Guerrilla Team and students selected from the communes of Bac Son district and cadres from the provinces of Thai Nguyen, Bac Giang, and Bac Ninh. Carrying out the task of building the Bac Son - Vo Nhai base, the Bac Son guerrilla team members actively propagated and guided the masses in their struggle; secretly connected and rebuilt Party and mass bases to restore the Party organization system. In just a short time, the revolutionary movement in Bac Son after being terrorized was restored, closely linked with the Vo Nhai revolutionary movement and actively supported by the Vo Nhai revolutionary movement.
In February 1941, a delegation of senior Party officials (including comrades Truong Chinh, Hoang Van Thu, Tran Dang Ninh, Hoang Quoc Viet...) attended the 8th Central Conference in Pac Bo (Cao Bang). Passing through Bac Son, the delegation went to the base of the Guerrilla Command in Khuoi Noi to grasp the situation and direct the local revolutionary movement. Here, on February 14, 1941, comrade Hoang Van Thu (Secretary of the Bac Ky Regional Party Committee) announced the Central Committee's decision to change the name of the Bac Son Guerrilla Team to the Bac Son National Salvation Army Team.
On February 23, 1941, the Bac Son National Salvation Army was officially established in the Khuoi Noi forest (Vu Lam village, Vu Le commune, Bac Son district). The team consisted of 32 people, organized into 3 squads (so it was also called the National Salvation Army Platoon). Comrade Luong Van Tri was the Commander, comrade Chu Van Tan was the Deputy Commander, the team's base was located in the Khuoi Noi forest.
The birth of the Bac Son National Salvation Army was a significant event in the history of the Vietnamese revolution. It was the first armed force directly organized and led by the Party Central Committee to prepare for the Vietnamese revolution to move to a new stage: armed uprising to seize power.
Under the direction of comrade Luong Van Tri, immediately after its establishment, the soldiers of the Bac Son National Salvation Army successfully completed the task of guiding and ensuring absolute safety for the delegation of high-ranking officials of the Party Central Committee attending the 8th Central Conference in Pac Bo (Cao Bang) convened by leader Nguyen Ai Quoc.
During that time, implementing the Party Central Committee's tasks directly conveyed by comrade Hoang Van Thu, comrade Luong Van Tri actively directed the strong development of mass organizations and self-defense forces; consolidated and expanded the area of operation of the National Salvation Army, strengthened the suppression of bandits and traitors. At the same time, he actively practiced military training in Ban It (Vu Le commune).
To prepare to welcome the Central Committee cadres back from the meeting, the National Salvation Army mobilized the people to cut wood, cut cogon grass, build secret huts in Khuoi Noi (Vu Le commune), Lan Tay (Huu Vinh commune), and store food...
With his extensive knowledge of politics and military affairs learned at Hoang Pho School and his extensive practical experience, comrade Luong Van Tri effectively implemented the Party Central Committee's policy: maintaining and developing the Bac Son Guerrilla Team into an armed platoon associated with building the province's guerrilla zone into a revolutionary base for the whole country. Political and military training courses led by comrade Luong Van Tri, opened at the Khuoi Noi base, trained many cadres for the revolutionary movements of the provinces: Lang Son, Thai Nguyen, Bac Giang... The rugged mountainous area with interconnected terrain belonging to the communes of Vu Lang, Vu Le, Huu Vinh, Ngu Vien (Bac Son) and Lau Thuong, Phu Thuong, Trang Xa (Vo Nhai) became a strong guerrilla base with the center being Khuoi Noi.
On May 1, 1941, on the occasion of International Labor Day, the launching ceremony of the National Salvation Army was solemnly held before a large number of revolutionary masses in Khuoi Noi. Comrade Luong Van Tri gave a speech, declaring the establishment of the Bac Son National Salvation Army and reciting the five sacred oaths of the National Salvation Army. At the same time, he promised to resolutely fulfill all tasks assigned by the Party and the People.
After the 8th Central Conference in Cao Bang (May 1941), the Bac Son National Salvation Army Command continued to be consolidated and improved to meet the new requirements of the revolution. In June 1941, comrade Phung Chi Kien, member of the Party Central Committee, was appointed Commander, and comrade Luong Van Tri was the political commissar of the Bac Son National Salvation Army. On August 28, 1941, while withdrawing with the National Salvation Army soldiers from the Khuoi Noi base to avoid losses due to enemy sweeps and terror, comrade Luong Van Tri was captured by the enemy in Ngan Son (Bac Kan) while injured. On September 29, 1941, he sacrificed his life in Cao Bang prison.
Since the National Salvation Army unit commanded by comrade Chu Van Tan was established in Khuon Manh (Trang Xa, Vo Nhai) on September 15, 1941, calling itself the Second Platoon of the National Salvation Army and honoring the Bac Son National Salvation Army as the First Platoon of the National Salvation Army, the Bac Son National Salvation Army was called the First National Salvation Army.
(Photo: Vu Nhu Phong)
Today, many locations marking the activities of the Bac Son Guerrilla Team and the National Salvation Army I during the period when comrade Luong Van Tri was in charge have become revolutionary historical relics. The most typical is the Khuoi Noi base, where guard posts, team members' camps, and command huts have been restored to recreate the space of a guerrilla base in the past.
Khuoi Noi and Mo Re cave (Nam Huong 2 village, Tan Huong commune), Lan Tay - Mo Pia (Mo Pia village, Tan Lap commune) have become sites belonging to the Bac Son Uprising National Special Relic Site since 2016. Ban It training ground (Thong Nhat village, Vu Le commune), where the National Salvation Army soldiers trained in the past, has also become a revolutionary historical relic...
At the Vietnam Military History Museum, the Bac Son Uprising Museum still preserves many valuable documents and artifacts related to the activities of guerrillas and members of the Bac Son National Salvation Army during this period. These are souvenirs and items that were formed during the working, living and fighting process of the National Salvation Army soldiers.
As the years passed, those simple souvenirs were always filled with emotions, reminding us of the first talented commander of the Bac Son National Salvation Army and the steadfast and brave guerrillas in combat, and the camaraderie in studying, working, and living... The great contributions and dedication of comrade Luong Van Tri in the formation and development of the Bac Son National Salvation Army are forever a source of pride for the patriotic tradition and revolutionary spirit of Lang Son homeland.
Source: https://baolangson.vn/nguoi-chi-huy-dau-tien-cua-doi-cuu-quoc-quan-bac-son-5018419.html
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