Renewable energy development strategy

The development of renewable energy sources has become an inevitable trend in many countries around the world.

Resolution No. 70-NQ/TW dated August 20, 2025 of the Politburo on ensuring national energy security until 2030, with a vision to 2045, which has just been issued, marks a new milestone in the process of reforming and ensuring national energy security. An important orientation in this Resolution is to increase the proportion of renewable energy to 30% of Vietnam's total energy supply by 2030.

Around the world, many countries have built and implemented renewable energy development strategies, both to meet commitments to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and to create a green and sustainable economy .

China - the world 's "green factory"

In the context of global climate change and pressure to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, China – the world's largest energy consumer – has identified renewable energy development as a key strategy to ensure energy security and fulfill its commitment to achieving net zero emissions by 2060.

China began to vigorously promote renewable energy in the early 21st century, but it was not until after 2010 that this policy was fully implemented on a large scale. The government issued many support programs, from tax incentives, subsidies for wind and solar power, to incentives for private and foreign investment. As a result, China quickly became the world's "green factory", both a leading manufacturer of wind turbines and solar panels and a country with the largest installed capacity of renewable energy in the world.

China has developed many giant solar and wind farms in areas with favorable natural conditions. Photo: ESG News.

One of the highlights of China’s strategy is to develop giant solar and wind farms in areas with favorable natural conditions such as the Gobi Desert, the Tibetan Plateau or the Eastern coastal region. At the same time, the country has also invested heavily in offshore wind power, with many projects of GW scale. The combination of domestic equipment production and infrastructure expansion has helped China both reduce costs and ensure a remarkable growth rate.

In addition, China also focuses on developing energy storage technology and upgrading smart grids to solve the problem of real-time supply and demand. This is a key factor to integrate a high proportion of renewable energy, which depends on weather conditions. In addition, the expansion of the electric vehicle industry is also considered an important part of the clean energy strategy, because it is associated with the need for stable and large-scale renewable electricity.

Thanks to consistent policies and huge investments, China has become a leading country in energy transition, contributing to shaping the trend of global sustainable development.

India builds giant “solar parks”

Surpassing China to become the world’s most populous country by 2023, India’s energy demand is growing rapidly as a result of economic growth and urbanization. Faced with the pressure to ensure energy security and respond to climate change, the Indian government has identified renewable energy as an important pillar in its national development strategy.

Over the past decade, India has implemented a series of programs to promote wind, solar and biomass power. In particular, the country has set an ambitious target: reaching 450 GW of renewable energy capacity by 2030, of which solar power alone accounts for more than half. The government has introduced many support policies such as tax incentives, transparent public bidding and incentives for the private sector to participate. Thanks to that, India is now among the countries with the fastest renewable energy development in the world.

Over the past decade, India has implemented a series of programs to promote wind, solar and biomass power. Photo: Windpro.org.

One of the highlights is the construction of giant-scale “solar parks”. A typical example is the Kamuthi Solar Park in Tamil Nadu state with a capacity of 648 MW, which was considered the largest in the world when it was inaugurated. In addition, states such as Gujarat and Rajasthan have also become centers for wind and solar power development thanks to taking advantage of suitable natural conditions. In parallel, India also focuses on biomass and small hydropower to diversify its supply sources.

Not only focusing on developing domestic renewable energy, India also proactively promotes international cooperation through the International Solar Alliance (ISA), initiated by the country with France in 2015. This is a forum that brings together more than 100 countries to share technology, investment capital and management experience in the field of solar energy.

It can be said that with strong political determination, abundant natural potential and international support, India is emerging as one of the important driving forces promoting the global energy transition.

Japan Enacts Law on Purchasing Electricity from Renewable Sources

Japan is a developed industrial country, but it is scarce in natural resources and heavily dependent on imported fossil fuels. The 2011 Fukushima nuclear disaster forced the country to reshape its energy strategy, in which renewable energy is considered an important pillar to ensure energy security, reduce risks and aim for carbon neutrality by 2050.

Immediately after the Fukushima incident, the Japanese government enacted the Feed-in Tariff (FIT) Act, forcing power companies to purchase renewable electricity at fixed preferential prices over a long period of time. This policy created a strong push for the solar power boom, making Japan one of the largest solar energy markets in the world. Rooftop photovoltaic systems are widely deployed in rural areas and industrial zones.

In Japan, the use of rooftops to install photovoltaic systems is widely deployed in rural areas and industrial zones. Photo: The Japan Times.

In addition to solar power, Japan also focuses on developing other renewable energy sources such as offshore wind power, geothermal power and biomass. Located on the “Pacific Ring of Fire”, Japan has great geothermal potential and the government has included this type of renewable energy in its long-term strategy. Offshore wind power is also being heavily invested in, especially in the northern seas, where winds are strong and stable.

The Japanese government aims for renewable energy to account for 36–38% of the country’s total electricity production by 2030. To achieve this goal, the Japanese government is focusing on three solutions: expanding investment, improving electricity storage technology, and upgrading the smart grid to effectively integrate distributed energy sources. At the same time, Japan also encourages international cooperation, especially in the development of wind turbines and hydrogen fuel cell technology.

With political determination and technological innovation, Japan is gradually asserting its position as a pioneer in clean energy transition in Asia.

Source: https://khoahocdoisong.vn/chien-luoc-phat-trien-nang-luong-tai-tao-post2149052336.html