Cu San Commune (M'Drak District) was established in 2007, separated from two communes Krong A and Ea Trang, including 1,664 households, 8,139 people, with 13 ethnic groups living together. Because the majority of the population are ethnic minorities from the North (accounting for 99.8% of the total population of the commune), each village and hamlet here has its own characteristics, associated with the traditional culture of its ethnic group.
In M'Drak district, the Mong people migrated to live scattered in Ea M'doal and Cu Kroa communes and concentrated mainly in villages 7, 8, 9, 11, and Ea Sanh village of Cu San commune. In their new homeland, the Mong people's lives have changed a lot, but they still preserve and maintain many unique traditional cultural features of their people. The Mong people in Cu San commune celebrate Tet earlier than the Lunar New Year of the Kinh people. During Tet, people in the villages often gather in open, spacious areas to have fun, dance, sing, throw pao, play cu, dance khen, and slaughter pigs and chickens together to celebrate Tet... Notably, the Mong people in Cu San still wear traditional costumes in their daily lives. Ms. Ly Thi Di (village 7, Cu San commune) who makes traditional costumes said that the traditional costumes of Mong women include: skirts, open-chested shirts, back-braided bibs, a piece of cloth covering the front and a small square of cloth covering the back, belts, head scarves, leggings; short cone-shaped skirts, with many wide pleats. Nowadays, Mong women's costumes have some changes to suit modern life and working conditions, but basically still retain the basic traditional features. Currently, most Mong women with families in Cu San commune can sew their own traditional ethnic costumes.
The Dao ethnic community living in Tak Drung, Song Cho, Ea Krong and village 6 also preserves many unique traditional customs, including the Cap Sac ceremony (also known as Lap Tinh ceremony) - one of the unique rituals of the Dao people. According to Mr. Trieu Van Trieu, the Cap Sac shaman in Cu San commune, Cap Sac is a typical and indispensable ritual of Dao men, performed only once in their lifetime. A man must undergo the Cap Sac ceremony to be recognized by the community as an adult and allowed to participate in the cultural and religious activities of the clan. The Cap Sac ceremony of the Dao people includes many rituals such as: naming the name, 3-lamp Cap Sac ceremony, 7-lamp Cap Sac ceremony, 12-lamp Cap Sac ceremony and the lamp-carrying ceremony, lamp-lowering ceremony, soldier-delivery ceremony, presentation ceremony to the Jade Emperor, identity-granting ceremony, ancestor-thanksgiving ceremony... The Cap Sac ceremony lasts from 1-5 days, the date of Cap Sac is chosen very carefully. After the monks pray, do the procedures, ask the yin and yang, the gods, the person who is being ordained will officially be given a yin name and recognized as an adult. In the ordaining ceremony, there is a part about giving the person the religion (dharma name) with 10 prohibitions and 10 wishes. In the ritual of the ordaining ceremony, there are teachings with the content of guiding people towards goodness, living morally, having personality, being responsible for family and community. This is also a ritual expressing the aspiration for a prosperous and happy life, full of solidarity of the Dao people.
Mr. Vu Van Kim, Secretary of the Party Committee of Cu San commune, said that in recent years, the commune government has also implemented many solutions to preserve and promote the unique cultural values of the ethnic communities in the commune; at the same time, eliminating backward customs. Specifically: focusing on propaganda and mobilizing people to maintain the belief in ancestor worship, not following evil religions, not worshiping ghosts when someone is sick, not holding funerals for more than 3 days; organizing "village fun, village singing" festivals with many unique cultural activities such as: fire dance of the Dao people, panpipe dance of the Mong people, then singing of the Tay people, coin dance, folk games such as: top-kicking, pao throwing... Schools also promote the dissemination and teaching of culture, customs and practices of local ethnic groups to students; coordinate in organizing dance and ethnic costume competitions...
Teachers at Bui Thi Xuan Primary School (Cu San Commune) are practicing the Mong people's panpipe dance.
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