Causes of frequent nighttime urination in men

There are many reasons why men frequently urinate at night, such as side effects of medication, sleep disorders, or certain medical conditions.

Nocturia is the condition of waking up multiple times during the night to urinate. According to Dr. Nguyen Ngoc Tan, Department of Urology - Andrology and Nephrology, Tam Anh General Hospital, Hanoi , some signs of frequent nocturia in men include: urinating more than once from the time they go to bed until the next morning, feeling like they haven't completely emptied their bladder, persistent discomfort in the lower abdomen, a weak or smaller-than-normal urine stream, or having to strain.

According to the American Urological Association, one in three adults over the age of 30 experience nocturia (frequent nighttime urination). Most people may wake up once during the night to urinate, but more frequent urination can be a sign of an underlying medical condition or a variety of other causes.

Drink plenty of fluids before bed.

Men tend to consume more alcohol and caffeine than women. This is a common cause of nocturia (frequent urination at night). Dr. Tan explains that many people have a habit of enjoying one or two cups of coffee in the evening instead of drinking it in the morning after breakfast. Caffeine causes the bladder to shrink to a smaller volume, leading to a more urgent and frequent need to urinate.

In addition, many people tend to drink alcohol in the evening. Alcohol prevents the kidneys from reabsorbing water. When you drink alcohol, your body produces more urine, leading to frequent urination in the evening.

Use certain medications

Some medications can cause you to urinate more frequently, such as blood pressure medication, diuretics, and medications for mental disorders. If frequent urination is due to medication, you should ask your doctor to adjust your current medication or the appropriate time to take it. You can avoid taking diuretics at night, as they increase the amount of water and salt your body excretes in urine.

Drinking too much water is one of the causes of nighttime urination. (Image: Freepik)

Sleep disorders

Sleep apnea increases the frequency of nighttime urination. Therefore, to improve nighttime urination, treatment for sleep apnea is necessary. In addition, some neurological disorders also cause urinary incontinence and frequent urination at night, such as spinal cord compression syndrome, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, etc.

Aging

As men age, the muscles in their bladder weaken. In fact, it's considered normal for a man over 50 to wake up once a night.

Dr. Tan explained that the body produces more urine at night than during the day. In some people, fluids absorbed during the day accumulate in the lower extremities, and when lying down, the fluids circulate again. The heart and kidneys recognize the extra fluid and need to eliminate it. To reduce nighttime urination due to aging, men should drink less at the end of the day.

Prostate disease

An enlarged prostate gland irritates the nerve endings in the bladder neck and can compress the urethra, causing incomplete bladder contractions after each urination, leading to urine retention and a constant urge to urinate. Patients with an enlarged prostate should discuss treatment options, whether medication or surgery, depending on their condition.

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) affects 50% of men aged 50-60. The prostate gland surrounds the urethra, so if it enlarges, it can obstruct or, in severe cases, block the flow of urine. The bladder wall also thickens, hindering emptying and causing nocturia (frequent urination at night). Several lower urinary tract disorders can cause nocturia, such as overactive bladder, hypersensitive bladder due to disease, interstitial cystitis, and urinary tract infections.

According to Doctor Tan, everyone needs a good night's sleep to feel refreshed and rested in the morning. However, constantly waking up at night to urinate can lead to sleep deprivation and reduce quality of life. Nocturia (frequent nighttime urination or urination) is truly concerning if you have to wake up more than twice a night.

Patients who have changed their lifestyle but have not seen improvement in nocturia should seek timely medical examination and treatment. Frequent urination at night can lead to many underlying health conditions if left untreated, such as: heart disease like congestive heart failure; diabetes; high blood pressure; chronic cystitis; chronic kidney failure; and prostate enlargement.

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