This crucial battle prevented Greece from being annihilated by Persia.

The Battle of Marathon in 490 BC was one of the most important battles in ancient Western history, when the Athenian army defeated the powerful Persian empire right on the Greek coast.

1. The Battle of Marathon was Greece's first decisive victory against the Persian Empire.

In

Marathon

Under the command of General Miltiades, the Athenian army defeated the large Persian army – a turning point in the Persian-Greek War. Photo: Pinterest.

5. The battle took place on the coastal plains of Marathon.

Located about 40 km northeast of Athens, this area is where

Persian army

Landing by boat. Photo: Pinterest.

2. The Athenian army was outnumbered many times over.

According to Herodotus,

Athenian army

There were only about 10,000 hoplites, while the Persian army could number 25,000–30,000 soldiers. Photo: Pinterest.

3. Clever tactics helped the Greek army win.

The Athenian army used a long, horizontal formation, weakening the center to encircle the Persian army on both flanks and destroy them from two sides. Photo: Pinterest.

4. No Spartan soldiers participated in the battle despite being called upon for help.

Because it was in the middle of the Karneia religious festival, the Spartan army could not set out immediately, leaving Athens to face the Persian army alone. Photo: Pinterest.

6. The legend of Pheidippides running from Marathon to Athens originated from this battle.

According to legend, the soldier Pheidippides ran over 40 km to Athens to report the victory and collapsed and died shortly afterwards – the origin of the modern marathon. Photo: Pinterest.

7. The Marathon helped solidify democracy in Athens.

Victory over a powerful empire boosted the people's confidence in the democratic political model that Athens was developing, and further, in protecting the survival of Western civilization. Photo: Pinterest.

8. This battle is considered a symbol of the indomitable spirit of ancient Greece.

Marathon has become a symbol of courage and the triumph of intellect and bravery in the face of overwhelming enemy strength. Photo: Pinterest.

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