After 56 days and nights of steadfast fighting, our army and people won a resounding victory, destroying the strongest stronghold of the French expeditionary army in Indochina. The historic victory of Dien Bien Phu left many valuable lessons, among which the lesson of promoting the strength of great national unity is a content of profound contemporary significance.
Resistance war to build the country, rely mainly on one's own strength
Dien Bien Phu Victory proving a truth of the times: A nation, no matter how small, if determined, united in fighting and having the right strategy, can defeat any war of aggression. That is the strategy of resistance and national construction that has aroused and promoted the power of "the people's hearts and minds".
Regarding the nature of the resistance war, our Party affirmed: This is a people's revolutionary war, a just war, with a national, comprehensive, and long-term nature. The Party Central Committee advocates uniting with the French people, opposing reactionaries and French colonialists, uniting with Cambodia, Laos, and other nations that love freedom, justice, and peace . The motto of the resistance war: Conducting people's war, implementing "national, comprehensive, long-term resistance and relying mainly on our own strength".
In the Party's people's war strategy, the most essential and fundamental thing is the strategy of the entire people's resistance. The Party organizes the whole country into a front, creating a national position to fight the enemy, promoting the strength of the entire people and the national solidarity bloc to participate in the resistance with diverse, rich and appropriate measures. From there, it makes the masses of people across the country identify their responsibility and determination to rise up to save the country.
The Party's resistance line is the inheritance and elevation to a new height of the nation's traditional military ideology; it is the application of Marxism-Leninism's revolutionary war theory and foreign experience to Vietnam's conditions. That line is the guiding flag and the political and spiritual driving force that leads our army and people to fight and defeat the invading French colonialists. With the Party's correct resistance line, the resistance war against French colonialism and American intervention developed more and more, achieving glorious victories.
The Party's leadership was strengthened, the People's Democratic State became increasingly strong, the Viet Minh Front, the Lien Viet and revolutionary organizations gathered a broad bloc of national solidarity. In particular, on the military front, the Vietnamese Army and people successively defeated the French colonialists' major war plans, typified by the Dien Bien Phu Victory (May 7, 1954), forcing the French colonialists to sign the Geneva Agreement, ending the war, withdrawing troops, and restoring peace in Indochina.
The Dien Bien Phu victory opened a new period in the nation's history, the North was completely liberated, advancing towards socialism, the South continued the people's national democratic revolution towards the goal of independence and national unification.
Comprehensive preparation at the front and rear
Implementing the determination: "The entire people, the entire Party and the Government will definitely use all their strength to support the Dien Bien Phu Campaign and will definitely do everything necessary to achieve total victory for this campaign", mass mobilization work was organized closely to mobilize maximum resources to serve the Dien Bien Phu Front. The strength of great national unity was mobilized at the highest level.
Our army and people in all localities throughout the country, from the Northwest, Inter-zone 3, Left Bank, to Binh Tri-Thien, Inter-zone 5, Northern Central Highlands, Saigon-Gia Dinh, Southern region... all stepped up coordinated activities, continuously attacked and destroyed many enemy forces, liberated many areas of land and people, forcing the French colonialists to disperse their main forces. Youth and women forces from urban to rural areas, from mountainous areas to plains actively participated in many political struggles, destroyed the enemy, and eliminated traitors. These were timely coordinated activities of the whole country, positively affecting the Dien Bien Phu battlefield.
The Dien Bien Phu campaign took place in rugged mountainous terrain, with many high passes and deep ravines, and a virtually non-existent strategic road network; the Northwest had just been liberated, and its economy was underdeveloped. Therefore, ensuring logistics, health care, and technology for a large, long-term campaign faced many difficulties. In that situation, our Party promoted the combined strength of both the rear and the front to fully and promptly provide all the troops' needs in the strategic decisive battle. The slogan "all for the front, all for victory" was responded to by the people both in the liberated zones as well as in many temporarily occupied areas.
The porters set out with enthusiasm and excitement, organized closely and effectively with the belief that victory would be certain. Thanks to that, during the campaign, the ethnic groups of the Northwest, Viet Bac, Lien khu 3, Lien khu 4 contributed more than 260,000 porters (with more than 14 million working days), more than 25,000 tons of food, 907 tons of meat and thousands of tons of other food. The soldiers and porters used nearly 21,000 bicycles, known as the "porter bicycle army", operating on a route of thousands of kilometers. The appearance of the porter bicycle army in Dien Bien Phu was an unprecedented miracle in history, becoming an important factor ensuring the complete victory of the campaign.
Along with actively preparing for the main battlefield, in the rear, in the economic field in the newly liberated areas, our Party carried out a policy of thoroughly reducing land rent and implementing land reform. From April 1953 to July 1954, the Party led the implementation of 5 land rent reductions and one land reform. That timely policy encouraged all classes of people in the free areas, newly liberated areas and behind the enemy lines, even cadres and soldiers on the front lines to believe in the Party's guidelines and policies, the State's policies, multiplying the strength of the great national unity bloc, actively concentrating human and material resources to ensure the complete victory of the Dien Bien Phu Campaign.
During the 9-year resistance war against French colonialism as well as during the Dien Bien Phu Campaign, the Party and Government succeeded in mobilizing many landlords, national bourgeoisie and their children and families to participate in the resistance war. This is a clear proof that in order to ensure and promote the strength of national unity, it is necessary to arouse and promote the legitimate interests of each individual, each class, each stratum to create a truly solid solidarity bloc and the consensus of the vast majority of the people.
Expanding and strengthening the power of the National United Front
To promote the overall strength, our Party advocates a comprehensive, all-people resistance war, combining national strength with the strength of the times to attack the enemy in all political, military, economic, cultural and diplomatic aspects. Politically, we must unite the entire people to fight against the French invaders, unify the entire people, and make the National United Front increasingly solid and broad.
Build a strong resistance apparatus, unify the military, people and government nationwide, develop national salvation organizations, and consolidate the leadership apparatus for the people's resistance. We must isolate the enemy, win over more friends, and make the French people and the people of the French colonies actively support us and fight against the reactionary French colonialists. We must attach importance to building the Party, the State government and a strong National United Front.
On March 3, 1951, the Viet Minh Front and the Lien Viet Association merged into the Lien Viet Front, mobilizing the strength of the entire people and army to concentrate human and material resources to promote the resistance war. In the resistance war against French colonialism, the Lien Viet Front was an indispensable political weapon, contributing to building the Party, building and protecting the people's government, consolidating the alliance between the working class, the peasantry and the intelligentsia, and building and developing the people's armed forces.
Promoting the strength of national solidarity in current conditions
The 13th National Congress of the Party continued to affirm the goal of the Vietnamese revolution in the current period as: "Promoting the will and strength of great national unity combined with the strength of the times; comprehensively and synchronously promoting the renovation, industrialization and modernization; building and firmly defending the Fatherland...". The practical achievements of the country over nearly 40 years of implementing the renovation initiated and led by the Party are vivid evidence of building a "people's heart position".
This has aroused and gathered the patriotism and high determination of the entire nation, creating the combined strength of the great national unity bloc. In the cause of innovation, the spirit of heroic Dien Bien Phu 70 years ago is still present today. In particular, promoting the spirit of great unity, "people's hearts" in repelling epidemics, preventing and combating natural disasters, joining hands, unanimity, helping each other overcome difficulties... creates a solid "people's hearts".
To thoroughly grasp and implement the Resolution of the 13th National Party Congress, it is necessary to first promote the role of the people in deciding major issues of the country; ensure that all state power belongs to the people; ensure the effective and practical supervision and social criticism activities of the Vietnam Fatherland Front (VFF) and socio-political organizations, creating high consensus in society.
In that process, the Vietnam Fatherland Front plays a core role in gathering and mobilizing youth, women, veterans, religious people, intellectuals, and prestigious people among ethnic minorities... to act as a bridge between the Party, the State, and the people, practicing democracy, protecting the legitimate rights and interests of the people, harmoniously resolving the relationship between personal interests and social interests; launching and implementing patriotic emulation campaigns and movements, promoting the strength of great national unity.
Towards the 70th anniversary of Dien Bien Phu Victory, the Vietnam Fatherland Front has been carrying out many meaningful activities, such as: Implementing the Project to mobilize support for building solidarity houses for poor and near-poor households in the Northwestern provinces; organizing activities to honor and show gratitude to heroic martyrs, soldiers, youth volunteers, and frontline workers who participated in the Dien Bien Phu Victory. Dien Bien Phu Campaign... This shows the deep concern of the Party, State, Vietnam Fatherland Front and people throughout the country.
Thereby, creating people's trust in the Party's leadership, maintaining political stability, enhancing socio-economic development, ensuring national defense and security, creating a basis for consolidating, strengthening and promoting the strength of the great national unity bloc according to the motto "people know, people discuss, people do, people inspect, people supervise, people benefit".
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