Lesson 1: Settling in a new land
Moving to the new land, the lives of the ethnic minorities under Project 79 have gradually stabilized. With a stable place to live, people no longer pack up, take their wives and children and wander here and there following the seasons to farm and follow the old forests. Not only expecting support from the State, among the resettled villages, many people have made efforts to overcome difficulties, boldly do business, develop production and consider the new land as their second homeland.
About the new land
Previously, the people of Si Ma 2 village, Chung Chai commune, as well as thousands of other households, migrated freely to Muong Nhe district with the hope of finding new land to settle down. Under the protection of the Ha Nhi people living here, more than 20 households decided to stop along National Highway 4H, build houses, and gradually develop a densely populated residential area. Since Project 79 was implemented, the households agreed to participate and Si Ma 2 village gradually stabilized and built a new life in their new homeland.
Recalling those difficult days, Secretary of the Party Cell of Si Ma 2 Giang A Dinh shared: Our people were originally from Sin Ho district, Lai Chau province. After many times of "tired legs" migrating from place to place, coming to this area near National Highway 4H, with better natural conditions, we decided to stay. When we first arrived, there was no land, no fields, temporary houses with thatched roofs, bamboo walls... facing many difficulties. By 2017, the Government's Project 79 supported each household with 26 million VND to build a house, 2 million VND to build a toilet. In addition, it also supported the implementation of a number of economic production models. Without relying on the support of the State and locality, our people did not ask for residential land or farming land, but proactively bought or worked on the fields of the Ha Nhi brothers who had lived here before... Since Project 79, the people of Si Ma 2 village have been excited because they were originally free migrants and now they have been arranged and arranged to live according to their wishes, established a village and become official citizens on this land. Therefore, people feel secure to stay and work, build a new homeland, instead of wandering here and there like in previous years. Up to now, Si Ma 2 village has over 80 households, of which 70% have built solid houses, striving to get 7-8 households out of poverty each year.
Working hard and developing economic models, some families in Si Ma 2 have become typical examples with the will and effort to escape poverty on their own, not relying on the State. The most promising is the cinnamon growing model and the establishment of the first cinnamon essential oil processing cooperative in Chung Chai commune. Mr. Giang A Va, Director of Si Ma 2 Cinnamon Essential Oil Processing Cooperative, said: When visiting a friend's house in Van Yen district, Yen Bai province, I saw that the cinnamon growing model was effective and more economical than rice and corn, so I decided to bring cinnamon trees back to plant on a trial basis. After a period of time, seeing that the cinnamon trees grew and developed in accordance with the soil, I decided to expand the area. Currently, the whole village has about 25 hectares of cinnamon, of which 5 hectares are 3-year-old trees, the rest are from 7 months to 1 year old. Based on the development orientation, we would like to establish a cooperative to process products when the cinnamon trees are harvested...
Despite the difficult economic conditions, the people of Si Ma 2 have paid attention to and improved their spiritual life. Party cell secretary Giang A Dinh proudly boasted: “All the people in the village have just contributed money to buy a football field for the brothers in the village to practice sports and guide their children's development. The village maintains a football team, in the afternoon the brothers practice and interact with teams from neighboring villages. The women have established an art troupe with 7 members, regularly performing for the village's holidays and Tet.”
Striving for stability
Before 2012, the situation of spontaneous migration into Muong Nhe area was very complicated. Many people from the provinces: Ha Giang, Cao Bang, Son La, Lao Cai... even the Mong ethnic group in Dak Nong also migrated to the district. The situation of spontaneous migration has disrupted the economic development planning, population distribution and poverty reduction in the area. The rapid increase in population in a short time has caused difficulties for local authorities in managing population, household registration, investing in works and infrastructure, especially in ensuring security and order, education and training, and health care for the people. The peak was the incident of a large crowd gathering in Huoi Khon village, Nam Ke commune, Muong Nhe district in 2011.
Faced with the above situation, the Government approved Project 79 to stabilize the lives and production of migrant households in Muong Nhe district; implement policies and mechanisms, support production and support life to eliminate hunger and reduce poverty for the people; gradually invest in building infrastructure to meet the tasks of economic development and ensure security and order; build and consolidate the grassroots political system to ensure political security and social order in hundreds of villages in Muong Nhe district. The scope of Project 79 is in 21 communes of Muong Nhe district and Nam Po district. Of which, Muong Nhe district has 11 communes including: Sin Thau, Sen Thuong, Leng Su Sin, Chung Chai, Muong Nhe, Nam Vi, Muong Toong, Huoi Lech, Pa My, Nam Ke, Quang Lam. The specific objective is to arrange, organize, and stabilize the lives of 12,205 households with 68,318 people, belonging to 171 villages and 14 existing residential groups. By the end of 2020, the entire Project area will have 13,434 households with over 74,000 people in 219 villages settled (including 171 existing villages; 2 existing villages that must be relocated to re-establish villages at new locations; 14 villages that are administratively separated for management; 32 newly established villages after arranging and relocating households).
Along with Si Ma 2 village, after more than 10 years of implementing Project 79, the population situation in the Project area of Muong Nhe district has basically stabilized, there is no longer a situation of people migrating from other places. Many basic infrastructure works serving essential needs for daily life and production at residential areas have been invested in such as: Domestic water supply, roads, irrigation, classrooms... Up to now, Muong Nhe district has completed investment and construction, finalized 140 investment categories in the period 2011 - 2020; investment projects in the period 2021 - 2025 with a total estimated investment of 439 billion VND have basically completed investment preparation and construction implementation. Muong Nhe district has arranged residents in 219 villages for 11,892 households (reaching 97% of the Project's target). Policies to support life and production have been implemented with resources mainly from the Project and mobilized from many other programs and socialized sources. With many synchronous policies implemented, people's lives have gradually stabilized and production has developed, hunger eradication and poverty reduction have been achieved. By the end of 2022, the poverty rate in Muong Nhe district will decrease to 54% (75% in 2015). However, the implementation of Project 79 in the Muong Nhe border area still faces many difficulties and challenges that require efforts to ensure that people can settle down in their new homes...
Lesson 2: Not yet settled in the residential project
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