Overview of some jewelry of Thai ethnic women, Black Thai branch, Dien Bien province

Dien Bien province is a convergence of 19 ethnic groups living together, of which the Thai ethnic group ranks second, accounting for 35.69% of the province's population. The Thai community in Dien Bien province consists of two branches: the Black Thai and the White Thai. Through the process of construction and development, the Thai ethnic community has created a culture imbued with national identity. As we know, costumes are the first sign to distinguish one ethnic group from another, and the same is true for the Thai ethnic group and the Black Thai branch. Costumes are not only to protect the body, but from the decorative patterns and color combinations on the costumes, they also express the values of the human outlook and world view of their ethnic compatriots. For Thai ethnic women and the Black Thai branch, in addition to wearing a traditional costume of their ethnic group, they are also very interested in using some accompanying jewelry such as: hairpins, earrings, necklaces, bracelets, rings, and so on.

Jewelry of the Thai ethnic group, the black Thai industry is a cultural message of an ethnic group and jewelry also contributes greatly to creating the unique cultural values of the Thai ethnic group, creating the overall beauty of Thai women. When wearing jewelry, it not only brings luck, fortune and shows grace, femininity, enhances the beauty of the user but also shows power, status, wealth. Most jewelry is made of silver, copper or white materials. Jewelry is both a decoration, beautifying, and charming item for black Thai women and in addition, jewelry made from silver also has the effect of avoiding wind and warding off evil spirits; Those who use silver are blessed with good health, good things, a prosperous and happy family. To have quality, beautiful jewelry products also requires an elaborate manufacturing process from the stage of selecting raw materials to manufacturing. For Thai people, jewelry is not only a sacred object in the spiritual life of Thai people, but also helps researchers clarify many scientific issues and is the basis for researchers to depict the features of daily life, economy , culture and society.

Dien Bien Provincial Museum has collected many valuable historical, cultural and social artifacts typical of the Thai ethnic group such as: ancient Thai books, costumes, and household items. Currently, Dien Bien Provincial Museum is preserving jewelry of the Thai ethnic group, the Black Thai branch. These are artifacts that have been preserved through many generations, from many different locations and times, have been registered in the artifact register and have been classified, numbered, photographed, and scientifically preserved. With a relatively small number of jewelry artifacts, but diverse in types, they are being preserved and preserved in the museum warehouse.

For Thai women, whether the hair is skillfully tied or not will increase or decrease the beauty of the face and the hairpin is also indispensable. When the hairpin is placed on the hair, the black color creates the beauty of the woman. This is also a gift from the mother-in-law to the new daughter-in-law at the "Tang Cau" ceremony on the wedding day. The woman's hairpin is made of silver. The hairpin has a needle-shaped structure, one end has a cap and the other is pointed. The hairpin cap is a round 5-hao silver coin, with a silver coin border and a hole to thread a string around the hair bun. The hairpin cap has a diameter of 2.9cm, the body of the hairpin is about 11cm long.

Earrings

Earrings are jewelry of Black Thai women. Earrings are made of ivory, opaque white, cylindrical in shape, small in the middle, two large flat ends with a circle diameter of 1cm.

Bracelet

Bracelets are used for many different purposes and meanings in life. Especially for the Thai people, this bracelet has both material and spiritual significance. The bracelet is made of copper, round, 5.5cm in diameter, yellow. The top of the bracelet is cast with a diamond-shaped pattern in the middle with small eyes like eyes always looking towards the sun. The two ends of the bracelet are cast with crossed leaf patterns, the inside of the bracelet is cast smooth.

Thai woman's relics

Hairpin (Tang Cau)

Xa tich: Xa tich is used as a dowry, given to a daughter when she gets married. Xa tich is worn around the waist, with tassels attached to make each step of the girl more graceful. Xa tich is made of silver and consists of 4 strings threaded through 2 small circles at 2 ends. One end of the xa tich is decorated with a set of 5 strings and on the strings are attached images: bird, rooster, heart, a small bell, a plastic pig tusk. The other end is attached with a hook decorated with rice flower patterns, bent and used to hook the two ends together when worn.

In the trend of integration, society is increasingly developing, the quality of life of the Thai ethnic group is increasingly improved. Jewelry also contributes to creating unique cultural values of the ethnic group, creating the overall beauty of the traditional costume for Thai women. Besides, in addition to aesthetic value, most of the jewelry of the Thai ethnic group, the Thai black industry also has a protective role. On it are signs of the gods, including the gods of each ethnic group, the gods of the land and the image of the ancestors, thanks to which when wearing, everyone feels protected and peaceful.

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