Why is Bao Gong's official uniform similar to a dragon robe? Revealing a shocking secret
Bao Gong's official uniform has been the subject of debate for centuries. Was it a special favor from the imperial court, or just a historical misunderstanding?
Báo Khoa học và Đời sống•16/10/2025
Bao Zheng (born March 5, 999 - died July 3, 1062), courtesy name Xi Ren, commonly known as Bao Qing Tian or Bao Gong, was from Lu Zhou, Hefei (now Feidong County, Hefei City, Anhui Province). He was a famous honest and upright official of the Song Dynasty in Chinese history. During his time as an official, Bao Gong always maintained the principles of "integrity, strict enforcement of the law, not fearing authority or favoring personal feelings", and tried cases fairly, regardless of whether the defendant was a commoner or a noble.
Thanks to his outstanding talent, Bao Thanh Thien held the following positions: Second-rank Xu Mat Vien Deputy Envoy, Trieu Tan Dai Phu, Cap Su Trung, Thuong Khinh Xa Do Uy, title Dong Hai Quan Khai Quoc Hau, fief of 1,800 households, actual benefit of 400 households, received the purple gold fish imperial decree. In many TV series and movies, the image of Bao Qing Tian ascending the court to judge has received great attention from the public. Some people even suspect that Bao Gong wearing official uniforms looks like dragon robes. Is that really true? In response to this incident, researchers have come up with an explanation. In feudal times, the dragon robe was the exclusive clothing of the emperor. Anyone who did not dress appropriately for their duties and authority could be sentenced to beheading.
Song Dynasty official uniforms were divided into dragon robes and python robes. These two types of costumes could be easily distinguished by the dragon's claws and horns. Accordingly, four claws were python robes while five claws were dragon robes. The dragon pattern on the emperor's royal robe is "thang long", meaning the dragon's head is facing upwards. Meanwhile, the pattern on the royal robe is "giang long", meaning the dragon's head is facing downwards. Next, the dragon robe and the python robe are distinguished by color. The main color on the dragon robe is yellow and on the python robe is black.
From these facts, the official uniform that Bao Gong wore was a python robe, not a dragon robe. If Bao Zheng had been so bold as to openly wear a dragon robe, he would have been beheaded by the Song emperor and not kept alive until old age. The photo in the article is for illustration purposes only. Readers are invited to watch the video : The strange love story of the Chinese Emperor with a palace maid 17 years older than him.
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