President Ho Chi Minh 's instructions on promoting people's intelligence
From the process of studying and absorbing deeply, to thoroughly apply Marxism-Leninism and based on the massive system of human knowledge, experience drawn from the practical revolutionary activities of Vietnam, President Ho Chi Minh soon affirmed the principle of relying on the people, easing the people's strength, and gathering the strength and intelligence of the people. He pointed out that the greatest strength of a nation lies in the synthesis and promotion of the intelligence of the entire people, that " It is ten times easier to endure without the people, a hundred times harder to complete with the people " (1) ; only when "The people are rich, the country will be strong" (2) and "When the people's spirit is strong, no soldiers or guns can resist" (3) ,... Ho Chi Minh's thought on promoting the intelligence and creativity of the people is expressed in the following basic contents:
Firstly, the people's intelligence is the most precious and endless resource. According to President Ho Chi Minh, material and intellectual resources have a dialectical relationship, affect each other and are both important, contributing to the success or failure of the revolution; however, material resources are always limited, while the ability to create is endless if we know how to promote and use them properly. According to him, humans and the people are a force with great power, the most precious subject, "In the sky, nothing is more precious than the people. In the world, nothing is stronger than the solidarity of the people" (4) . Placing the people in comparison with the infinity and vastness of the earth and sky shows that the people always have a great position in his thoughts, that only when there is respect and encouragement for the people's contributions can the Fatherland be built to become increasingly rich and prosperous.
President Ho Chi Minh was always consistent in identifying and building the revolutionary force as the people. The people are not only the main labor force , directly creating material and spiritual wealth for society, but also the key factor driving the revolution to its ultimate success. He pointed out: "All material wealth in society is created by workers and farmers. Thanks to the labor of workers and farmers, society can survive and develop" (5) ; must take the people as the root, because "If the root is strong, the tree will last, Building a victorious tower on the foundation of the people" (6) . The people are the decisive force, creating the glorious victory of the Fatherland, from the revolutions of national liberation, fighting against colonialism and imperialism to the cause of national construction and development, the socialist regime in the current period.
Second , intelligence of the people and of wisdom of the specific human being from labor, production, life, fighting, and intelligence of the community, the collective should always be practical, containing simple, quick and effective ways to solve problems. According to President Ho Chi Minh, the masses are very intelligent, resourceful, creative, solving problems simply and quickly "that talented people, large organizations, cannot think of" (7) . He pointed out: "Initiative is not something strange. It is just the result of research, thinking in very ordinary, very common, very practical circumstances and conditions" (8); "having the determination to benefit the masses, being willing to learn, asking the masses, having a mind that thinks hard, and hands that work hard, then there will definitely be initiatives, will definitely be able to do things that are useful to humanity" (9 ) .
Third , the leadership team must be dedicated, spend time listening, carefully consider opinions, make suggestions and encourage people to participate deeply in the decision-making process to create policies that suit the needs of the masses as well as create consensus and a broad spirit of solidarity in society. President Ho Chi Minh emphasized: "The people are very clever, very enthusiastic, very heroic.... To understand and learn from the people, one must be enthusiastic, determined, humble and hardworking" (10) . Therefore, one must diligently meet, contact, and dialogue regularly with the masses, listen to and understand the people, and know how to filter out useful and useful things from the people, because " If one does not learn from the people, one cannot lead the people. Only by knowing how to be a student of the people can one become a teacher of the people " (11) . This is a profound instruction in President Ho Chi Minh's thought on valuing the people's intelligence and creativity, and learning from the people; He often reminded and criticized some cadres who showed signs of arrogance, conceit, and contempt for the people, saying, "There are people who often think that the people are ignorant and know nothing, and that they are wise and talented. Therefore, they do not bother to learn from the people, do not bother to discuss with the people" (12) .
Fourthly, according to President Ho Chi Minh, in all circumstances, we must always trust the masses, follow the right path of relying on the people, that the intelligence and creativity of the people are infinite, endless ( 13 ) . In the extremely difficult early years of the revolutionary government, he wrote many works, such as "On receiving delegates"; "Letter to comrades in the home province"; "Talents and nation building", "Finding talented and virtuous people",... to call for talented people, seek financial resources, and promote intelligence among the people. According to him, treating scholars with respect, recruiting and gathering talented people from among the people is always associated with the science of using people, with practical methods and actions to promote the talent, intelligence, and creativity of the nation. In particular, cadres must be responsible for caring for the people's lives so that they can have a prosperous, free, and happy life. Before leaving, the thing that interested him most was still " work for people ", "The Party needs to have a good plan to develop the economy and culture, in order to constantly improve the people's lives (14) .
In addition, among the masses, President Ho Chi Minh always affirmed that the intellectual team plays a pioneering and core role in the revolution, and at the same time advocates strengthening the selection and training of intellectuals from workers and farmers . From practice, he pointed out that it is necessary to "help old intellectuals progress, reform their ideology, and at the same time train new intellectuals from the working class and farmers" (15) . That means, the intellectual team must be truly close to and closely attached to the working class and farmers, know how to respect labor, learn the spirit, determination and initiative of workers and farmers, on the other hand, there must be a direction and plan to "improve the level of cultural and theoretical knowledge of workers and farmers" (16) .
President Ho Chi Minh not only always praised the people's intelligence, but also pointed out that we must "Use the people's talent, strength, and property to benefit the people" (17) ; we must promote all available resources, especially the people's intelligence and creativity, with the highest goal of serving the people. Accordingly, we must know how to appreciate and place the people's intellectual resources in the central position in the revolutionary cause. Moreover, the cause of innovation and national construction is the responsibility of all the people, first of all, "The government from the commune to the Central Government is elected by the people. The organizations from the Central to the commune are organized by the people. In short, power and strength are in the people" (18) ; all the victories of our nation are not the sole merit of our Party, they are the common merit of all the people in the whole country, the revolution is the cause of the masses, not the cause of any individual hero (19) .
Fifth , all policies and guidelines of the Party and the State must come from the people, be the result of reflecting the basic needs and interests of the people; be the crystallization of the intelligence and creativity of the people and the nation; on the contrary, all classes of people have the right and obligation to build the Party's guidelines and guidelines, the State's policies and laws; President Ho Chi Minh also promoted the spirit and responsibility of the people, saying that "when the people use servants to work for them, they must help the Government. If the Government is wrong, they must criticize it" (20) .
President Ho Chi Minh always noted that it is necessary to have the spirit of learning and discussing, explaining to the people about everything, but " absolutely should not follow the masses " ( 21) , do whatever the people say, but must have a strong will to both improve the level of enlightenment and intelligence of the masses, and avoid "fear of mistakes", "fear of shortcomings"; have independent thinking, not be influenced by any external factors; absolutely avoid individual thinking, taboo attitudes, both create positive changes in the awareness of a part of the "slow-moving" masses, and perform well their role as "steering". The conservative, willful, and unreformed analyst is the rope that ties people's hands and feet, hindering progress and development, so it must be removed; If we want cadres to work well, if we want the cause of innovation to progress, and to reap greater achievements year after year, we must dare to think, dare to do, and have the courage to take responsibility; because “If we train a bunch of cowardly cadres who are easy to obey, “beat them up, stand them up” and do not dare to take responsibility, that would be a failure for the Party” (22) and “The position of a servant” of a leader lies in his steadfast will, daring to do and taking responsibility.
Applying President Ho Chi Minh's instructions in the current period
Nowadays, people's participation in state and social management, proposing initiatives, giving opinions, discussing and deciding on the content of implementing democracy at the grassroots level is becoming more and more effective. The mechanism of "Party leadership, State management, people mastery" and the motto "People know, people discuss, people do, people inspect, people supervise, people benefit" continue to be perfected, concretized, and deeply embedded in life. The Vietnam Fatherland Front and socio-political organizations carry out many tasks to mobilize people to actively participate in and contribute to the cause of national construction and development as well as to strictly implement the Constitution and laws; constantly innovate methods and contents of social supervision and criticism, contributing to building and rectifying the Party and the political system to become increasingly clean, strong, effective and efficient, consolidating the great national unity bloc; gathering and mobilizing people to promote patriotic emulation movements (23) . The 13th National Party Congress also affirmed: "The Party and the State promulgate guidelines, policies, laws to create a political and legal foundation, respect, ensure and protect the people's right to mastery. Promote the role of the subject and the central position of the people in the country's development strategy, in the entire process of building and defending the Fatherland" (24) . It can be affirmed that President Ho Chi Minh's instructions on promoting people's intelligence and creativity still retain their full value. As society develops, we appreciate his valuable instructions more and more.
However, in addition to encouraging results, the task of attracting and promoting people's intelligence in some places and at some times is not timely, lacks innovation, is not highly effective and is not close to reality, when "the work of informing and propagating some policies and guidelines of the Party and the State's laws and policies is not rich, regular, timely, and does not meet the expectations of the people... The work of grasping public opinion before unexpected events and situations is not timely" ( 25) . On the other hand, some complicated problems have also arisen, but have not received due attention to propose definitive solutions; some grassroots party organizations, cadres, party members, civil servants and public employees have not really respected the opinions and thoughts, promptly resolved the legitimate and legal proposals and recommendations of the people; The implementation of democracy is sometimes formalistic, separating democracy from discipline, law, etc. Accordingly, to effectively implement President Ho Chi Minh's instructions on promoting the intellectual strength of the people, contributing to the successful implementation of revolutionary tasks in the current period, it is necessary to pay attention to doing well the following issues:
Firstly, seriously grasp and effectively implement the Party and State's policies and guidelines on promoting intellectual strength. of the people; promote the process of implementing democracy at the grassroots level, continue to expand direct democracy, bring the motto "people know, people discuss, people do, people inspect, people supervise, people benefit" into grassroots life in the new context (26) . Both theory and practice show that, regardless of the stage or period of the country, the people's intelligence is an endless resource, strongly affecting the revolutionary cause. In the context of industrialization, modernization and international integration, the explosion of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, natural and mineral resources are increasingly scarce, even facing the risk of depletion, the intelligence of cadres, party members and people is a decisive factor for the sustainable development of the country. Especially before the time when the country is about to enter the era of national development, the Party and State must further promote the intelligence of the people, considering this the source of the country's strength; Always aware that appropriate and scientific policies are only successful when they are truly supported and approved by the people, we must strengthen the close connection between the "Party's will" and the "people's heart", fully and deeply understand the role and position of the people in the current revolutionary cause, thereby proposing policies to arouse and promote the intelligence and creativity of individuals and collectives.
Second , our Party recognizes: “Vietnamese intellectuals come from many social classes and strata, especially workers and farmers; most of them have grown up in the new society” (27) ; accordingly, the people’s intelligence must be recognized and spread strongly in society through timely recognition activities and worthy forms of rewards. All levels and sectors must pay attention to timely, correctly targeting, publicly, transparently and accurately implementing the work of commending and rewarding individuals and organizations that have made many contributions to the development of society and the country. Create a source of encouragement, motivation and pride for people to make enthusiastic efforts, actively promote their own capacity, and spread strong values in the community to encourage and promote intelligence and creativity in the cause of national construction and development.
Third , continue to build and well implement the Party and State's policies and guidelines on caring for all classes in society, focusing on noble human values, promoting the human factor, creating conditions for living, studying, working and dedicating oneself to the country and the Fatherland; well implement policies on education, training, vocational training, health care, job creation, social security to develop physical strength, knowledge, cognitive ability and knowledge acquisition, and skills; focus on developing the science and technology sector, prioritizing the care and training of talents, nurturing and developing the increasingly strong Vietnamese intellectual resource, valuing talents, using high-quality human resources scientifically, reasonably and effectively. This is the endogenous strength that promotes and determines the socio-economic development of our country, developing rapidly and sustainably. Innovate, improve the efficiency and quality of education and training work, meet new requirements, always be aware that "educational innovation has become a global trend and Vietnam cannot stand outside that trend" ( 28) .
Fourth , create all favorable conditions for people to actively, proactively, and enthusiastically participate in the construction and development of the country, contributing their intelligence to bring practical economic and social values in all fields. In recent times, many farmers, workers, electricians, janitors, etc. have become typical advanced examples in the social community when researching and manufacturing many types of machinery and equipment, improving techniques, and creating innovations in production and work activities, contributing to increasing productivity and product quality, etc., bringing practical value and great economic benefits. However, procedures related to intellectual property, copyright, patent recognition, etc. are still cumbersome, affecting the enthusiasm and creativity of each individual; therefore, it is necessary to research and issue timely instructions on copyright registration procedures that are quick and most convenient for authors, ensuring the legitimate and legal rights and interests of authors.
Fifth, know how to listen, love, and be responsible for the people. Leaders need to regularly listen to the opinions of the community. Continue to raise awareness and responsibility of Party committees, authorities, the Vietnam Fatherland Front and member organizations about the role of the masses; research and organize appropriate forms and mechanisms for people to participate in proposing initiatives, giving opinions, discussing and deciding on the contents of implementing democracy at the grassroots level, implementing the motto "people know, people discuss, people do, people inspect, people supervise, people benefit" so that "the Party's will" is consistent with "the people's heart". It is necessary to "truly respect and create conditions to improve the effectiveness of consulting and critical activities of experts and intellectuals" (29) . Heads of units and organizations need to create a flexible and friendly working environment, truly respecting the innovative opinions of cadres, civil servants, public employees and workers./.
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(1) Ho Chi Minh: Complete Works , National Political Publishing House, Hanoi, 2011, vol. 15, p. 280
(2) Ho Chi Minh: Complete Works, op. cit. , vol. 12, p. 316
(3) Ho Chi Minh: Complete Works, op. cit. , vol. 2, p. 297
(4) Ho Chi Minh: Complete Works , op. cit. , vol. 10, p. 453
(5) Ho Chi Minh: Complete Works , op. cit. , vol. 8, p. 247
(6), (7), (8), (9), (10) Ho Chi Minh: Complete Works , op. cit. , vol. 5, pp. 502, 335, 284 - 285, 285, 333
(11) Ho Chi Minh: Complete Works, op. cit. , vol. 6, p. 432
(12) Ho Chi Minh: Complete Works , op. cit., vol. 5, p. 335
(13) See: Ho Chi Minh: Complete Works , op. cit. , vol. 12, p. 283
(14) Ho Chi Minh: Complete Works , op. cit. , vol. 15, p. 622
(15), (16) Ho Chi Minh: Complete Works , op. cit. , vol. 8, pp. 56, 57
(17) Ho Chi Minh: Complete Works , op. cit. , vol. 5, p. 81
(18) Ho Chi Minh: Complete Works, op. cit. , vol. 6, p. 232
(19) See: Ho Chi Minh: Complete Works, op. cit. , vol. 12, p. 672
(20) Ho Chi Minh: Complete Works, op. cit. , vol. 5, p. 75
(21), (22) Ho Chi Minh: Complete Works, op. cit. , vol. 5, pp. 338, 320
(23) See: Nguyen Huu Dung: "Innovating the content and methods of operation of the Vietnam Fatherland Front and socio-political organizations in the spirit of the Resolution of the 13th National Party Congress", Communist Magazine , No. 985, March 2022, p. 32
(24) Documents of the 13th National Congress of Delegates, National Political Publishing House Truth, Hanoi, 2021, vol. I, p. 173
(25) Documents of the 13th National Congress of Delegates , op. cit ., vol. I, p. 91
(26) Directive No. 30-CT/TW, dated February 18, 1998, of the Politburo, “On building and implementing the grassroots democracy regulations”; Conclusion No. 120-KL/TW, dated January 7, 2016, of the Politburo, “On continuing to promote and improve the quality and effectiveness of building and implementing the grassroots democracy regulations”; Regulation No. 11-QDi/TW, dated February 18, 2019, of the Politburo, “On the responsibility of the head of the Party Committee in receiving people, having direct dialogue with people and handling people's reflections and recommendations”; Law on Implementing Democracy at the Grassroots Level (2022); Resolution No. 45-NQ/TW, dated November 24, 2023, of the 8th Central Conference, Session XIII, "On continuing to build and promote the role of the intellectual team to meet the requirements of rapid and sustainable national development in the new period"; Resolution No. 57-NQ/TW, dated December 22, 2024, of the Politburo, "On breakthroughs in science and technology development, innovation and national digital transformation",...
(27) Resolution No. 27-NQ/TW, dated August 6, 2008, of the 7th Central Conference, Session X, "On building a contingent of intellectuals in the period of promoting industrialization and modernization of the country"
(28) See: Prof. Dr. To Lam: "Promoting the nation's tradition of studiousness and respect for talented people; the dedication and love for the profession of teachers, along with the drastic and synchronous participation of the entire political system, the entire education sector is determined to successfully carry out the reform of education and training", Communist Magazine , No. 1,051 (December 2024), p. 10
(29) Documents of the 13th National Congress of Delegates , op. cit ., vol. I, p. 167
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