China tests “space junk net”

Chinese scientists have just announced a space-based projectile launcher to eliminate dangerous space debris.

The device was jointly developed by aerospace engineers in Nanjing, Shanghai and Shenyang. Based on the gunpowder principle that appeared in the 9th century, this technology was improved to meet the requirements of the space age, with the advantages of being compact, accurate and causing few side effects.

A piece of space debris floating near Earth.

Unlike conventional fireworks that produce flash, smoke and strong vibrations, the new device produces almost no smoke, no flash and only very slight vibrations when fired. This is achieved by an energy absorption and airtight mechanism. The structure allows the projectile containing the trash net to be launched accurately without affecting the launcher or the sophisticated equipment around it.

The process involves: when fired, a small amount of gunpowder is ignited, creating high-pressure gas that pushes the piston forward. At a predetermined pressure level, a thin section of the structure separates, releasing the bullet. Near the muzzle, a 35° inclined metal ring takes most of the energy and vibration, bending to absorb the recoil, allowing the bullet to leave the barrel smoothly. The gas cap keeps all the gas inside, preventing it from being released into the orbital environment.

The team says the 35° tilt angle is key. Tests have shown that this angle reduces peak thrust by more than 9% compared to a 20° tilt ring, while limiting barrel displacement to just 3.45 mm. This allows for smooth, stable operation without causing any adverse effects on the satellite’s instruments.

Another advantage is that the structure is compact, does not require external power, does not require maintenance, and can be mass produced in standard factories. Compared with electromagnetic guns that require large power sources, superconducting coils and complex cooling systems, the new device uses proven technology, is low-cost and durable, suitable for long-term deployment in orbit.

The system’s primary purpose is to tackle the growing problem of space junk, which includes thousands of decommissioned satellites and abandoned rocket stages. The net-bearing capsule can deploy, envelop objects, grab them, and pull them into the atmosphere to burn up, helping to clean up the orbital environment and reduce the risk of collisions.

Thanks to its modular design, the device can be integrated into a variety of satellites and space stations. Its precision, vibration-free and pollution-free operation make it suitable for long-term maintenance and debris disposal missions in orbit.

Source: https://khoahocdoisong.vn/trung-quoc-thu-nghiem-luoi-bat-rac-vu-tru-post2149045390.html