Signs and symptoms of heatstroke or heat exhaustion.

According to Bach Mai Hospital, they have received many cases of severe heatstroke requiring mechanical ventilation and hemodialysis for resuscitation. Therefore, during days of extreme heat, people should not be complacent about any unusual signs in their bodies.

According to doctors at Bach Mai Hospital, dizziness, lightheadedness, fatigue, and rapid heartbeat when engaging in outdoor activities in hot weather can be the first signs of heatstroke or heat exhaustion. Heatstroke and heat exhaustion occur when the body is no longer able to regulate its temperature due to prolonged exposure to hot, humid environments, strenuous exercise in the sun, or sudden changes in environment.

In addition, heatstroke develops more quickly than heat exhaustion because, before heat exhaustion occurs, the body attempts to regulate the balance of heat generated and lost. Typically, both heatstroke and heat exhaustion progress from mild to severe, with diverse symptoms that vary among individuals and age groups.

Early warning signs include: excessive thirst; fatigue, dizziness; rapid heartbeat; cramps, sweating. Of these, high fever above 40°C is dangerous; nausea, vomiting; hot, red, dry skin; difficulty breathing, altered consciousness; seizures, coma. Especially in young children, symptoms may be as simple as fussiness, refusal to feed, high fever, or lethargy, making them easily overlooked.

Doctors advise on how to avoid heatstroke and heat exhaustion. Photo: Provided by the hospital.

Doctors at Bach Mai Hospital advise that proper first aid for heatstroke or heat exhaustion can save lives. If a victim shows signs of lethargy, dizziness, or exhaustion due to the heat, they should be quickly moved to a cool, well-ventilated area or an air-conditioned room. Simultaneously, remove some clothing and cool the body with a damp cloth at areas such as the neck, armpits, and groin to lower body temperature more quickly.

If the patient is conscious, they can be given properly prepared oral rehydration solution (ORS) or cool water to replenish fluids and electrolytes. If the patient is drowsy or unconscious, they should be placed in a safe side-lying position, ensuring a clear airway, and emergency services should be called immediately. If signs of gasping for breath, respiratory arrest, or cardiac arrest occur, prompt assistance, emergency services, and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) should be performed as soon as possible.

Note that you should not self-medicate someone suffering from heatstroke or heat exhaustion; do not give them ice-cold drinks or apply ice directly to the body, as this can hinder heat dissipation. Absolutely do not leave the victim in a hot place and do not expect them to recover on their own when severe symptoms appear.

To prevent heatstroke and heat exhaustion, people should drink enough water before, during, and after outdoor activities, even if they don't feel thirsty; wear light-colored, sweat-wicking clothing; wear a wide-brimmed hat and cover themselves well when going outside; avoid traveling during the hottest part of the day; and refrain from consuming alcohol in extremely hot weather.

Source: https://daibieunhandan.vn/dau-hieu-nhan-biet-say-nang-soc-nhiet-10418153.html