The Data Law was passed by the 15th National Assembly, 8th Session and took effect from July 1, 2025 (Law No. 60/2024/QH15) consisting of 5 chapters and 46 articles, regulating the construction, development, protection, administration, processing, and use of digital data; digital data products and services; rights, obligations, and responsibilities of agencies, organizations, and individuals related to digital data activities... This is the first time Vietnam has issued a specialized law on data, creating a unified legal basis for the development of the digital economy and digital society.
This includes the establishment of a National Data Center, the construction of a national comprehensive database, and the encouragement of the development of digital data products and services. Accordingly, the infrastructure of the National Data Center is designed, constructed, and used to meet the following requirements: ensuring technical standards and regulations on data centers; international technical requirements; in accordance with information and communication infrastructure planning; ensuring protection against bombs, terrorism, and natural disasters; protecting the environment; and saving energy.
At the same time, there are security solutions to control, detect, and prevent attacks, intrusions, and sabotage; ensure system readiness, and design the system with a backup level to be ready in case of expansion when necessary.
In particular, the law stipulates the use of personal identification to replace tax codes and many other procedures, helping to standardize electronic authentication, “clean” personal data and reduce fraud in online transactions. The law applies to all domestic and foreign organizations and individuals participating in the processing of data related to Vietnam. In emergency situations such as natural disasters, epidemics, and national security, competent authorities have the right to request data without the consent of the subject, ensuring timely response but still within the legal framework.
Experts say the Data Law was issued at the right time, when Vietnam is promoting its national digital transformation strategy. In which, data is considered “soft infrastructure”, new energy for the digital economy.
According to Dr. Le Van Hai ( Government Cipher Committee), the Data Law creates an important legal framework for collecting, sharing and protecting cross-border data, forming digital trust among entities participating in electronic transactions. In addition, the Law will help Vietnamese technology enterprises professionalize data management, increase competitiveness and meet international standards.
Currently, many businesses have prepared technical infrastructure, security processes and trained human resources to be ready to comply with this law, seeing this as an opportunity to develop digital data products to serve digital transformation, e-government, digital economy and digital society.
In addition to strict management regulations, the Data Law gives autonomy to businesses and organizations in implementing security solutions and sharing data. Because the law is designed in the direction of "post-inspection" instead of "pre-inspection", the State only intervenes and handles violations when violations are detected. This is considered a progressive point, reducing procedural burdens and encouraging innovation.
The law also provides specific regulations on data classification, protection policies and technical solutions to prevent risks, while placing great responsibility on State agencies in ensuring the security of the data they manage.
The Government has established the National Data Development Fund to promote the development, exploitation, application and management of national data, with a minimum charter capital of VND 1,000 billion, managed by the Ministry of Public Security . The fund will support research and development of data infrastructure, promote the application of new technologies such as AI, Big data, blockchain, especially in rural, mountainous and island areas. This is expected to be a strong financial motivation to shorten the digital gap between regions (according to Decree No. 160/2025/ND-CP dated June 29, 2025 regulating the National Data Development Fund).
With the Data Law taking effect from July 1, 2025, Vietnam aims to build a transparent and safe legal environment for data exploitation, creating momentum for sustainable digital economic and social development. This is a strategic step to turn data into a national resource in the digital age.
Source: https://nhandan.vn/luat-du-lieu-xay-dung-niem-tin-so-va-thuc-day-chuyen-doi-so-toan-dien-post890961.html
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