Electricity shortage is the “bottleneck” of the global AI race
Not chips, but electricity is the biggest problem holding back AI development. China has a clear advantage over the US in the energy problem.
Báo Khoa học và Đời sống•13/11/2025
Microsoft CEO Satya Nadella admits that power shortages are the biggest barrier to AI data centers. By 2023, US data centers will consume as much electricity as Malaysia.
The global power usage effectiveness (PUE) is only 1.56, causing huge waste for the AI industry. The sharp increase in electricity prices has caused many high-end GPUs to be "shelved" due to lack of power to operate.
American companies are forced to build their own power plants or move data centers abroad. Some companies like Nvidia and Google are even testing sending AI chips into space to exploit energy.
China consumes less electricity but still ensures adequate resources, prioritizes green electricity and reduces emissions. With strong infrastructure and a clear strategy, China has an advantage in the long-term AI race.
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