A coffee variety grown in the Central Highlands yields 4.3 tons/ha, bringing in over 31,000 billion VND in profits for farmers.

Accordingly, the scientific research on the hybrid Robusta coffee variety TRS1 by authors MSc. Dinh Thi Tieu Oanh; Dr. Tran Vinh; MSc. Nguyen Thi Thanh Mai and colleagues at the Central Highlands Agricultural and Forestry Science and Technology Institute, Dak Lak province is one of four projects that won first prize at the Vietnam Science and Technology Innovation Award Ceremony (Vifotec) on the evening of May 30.

TRS1 is the first hybrid Robusta coffee variety with high yield and quality, created from good clones (including TR4, TR9, TR11, TR12). This is a new breakthrough technology that completely replaces previous varieties grown from seeds without selection, especially can replace grafted varieties due to the outstanding productivity characteristics in the hybrid population.

TRS1 variety has a high multiplication coefficient, simple seed propagation and good adaptability to natural conditions of coffee growing areas in the Central Highlands provinces. In terms of productivity and quality, TRS1 coffee variety reaches an average of 4.31 tons of beans/ha, an increase of 50.2% compared to the average commercial variety under the same production conditions. The average weight of 100 beans reaches 19.1g, an increase of 25.4% compared to the average commercial variety; beans on screen 16 (R1 bean type) reach an average of 85.3%, an increase of 27.7% compared to the commercial variety; estimated to bring about over 31,480 billion VND in profit within 5 years (from 2018-2023). Currently, TRS1 variety has been transferred to farmers.

Deputy Prime Minister Tran Luu Quang (left cover) and Dr. Phan Xuan Dung (right cover) presented certificates of merit to the authors of the first prize winning works. Photo: La Duy

According to Dr. Tran Vinh, Acting Director of the Central Highlands Agricultural and Forestry Science Institute, the TRS1 variety is the first hybrid Robusta coffee variety with high productivity and quality, created from good asexual lines. Research on the ability to combine asexual lines to create F1 hybrids is a new breakthrough, completely replacing previous varieties grown from seeds without selection, especially being able to replace grafted varieties due to the outstanding productivity characteristics in the hybrid population.

The TRS1 variety has met the demand for replanting Robusta coffee in recent years, promptly replacing old varieties with low productivity and quality, helping producers reduce investment costs, increase productivity and quality, increase economic efficiency, and encourage coffee growers to change their farming methods towards sustainability, focusing on quality and product safety, creating a sustainable source of high-quality coffee materials.

TRS1 is not demanding on soil, it can grow on many different types of soil such as: red-brown soil, yellow-brown soil or gray soil. The basic requirement is that the soil layer is 70cm deep or more, loose, rich in organic matter, permeable, well-drained in the rainy season...

TRS1 variety has good adaptability to adverse conditions due to the diversity of the hybrid population, especially significantly reducing the rate of rust infection (the rate of severely infected plants is less than 5%, while the old variety grown from seeds has a rate of severe infection of over 10%). Rust is a major disease on coffee plants, affecting the productivity and quality of coffee in countries around the world.

Mr. Nguyen Duy Tang's replanted coffee garden in Ha Mon commune, Dak Ha district (Kon Tum). Photo: Quoc Dinh

The TRS1 Robusta coffee variety has high yield, grain size as well as other agronomic characteristics that are much better than the mass-produced variety (old variety grown from seeds) in the coffee-producing regions of the Central Highlands. The variety is grown according to sustainable farming processes, the business cycle can be extended, creating a new coffee material area with high sustainability.

The TRS1 hybrid Robusta coffee variety can be practically and stably applied in all regions with natural conditions suitable for coffee cultivation in the Central Highlands provinces: coffee companies, farms and coffee growing households in the Central Highlands provinces.

Mr. Nguyen Duy Tang, Ha Mon commune, Dak Ha district (Kon Tum) said that his family had 5 sao of coffee replanted in 2019. He used the TRS1 coffee variety provided by the EAKMAT Coffee Research and Technology Transfer Center (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development). According to Mr. Tang, his family's replanted coffee garden developed evenly, was resistant to pests and diseases, and had higher productivity and output than previous coffee varieties. During the basic construction period, he also intercropped peanuts, corn, chili, etc., so his income was higher than before.

Meanwhile, Mr. Nguyen Van Nhu's family in Ha Mon commune, Dak Ha district (Kon Tum) has 2 hectares of coffee planted since 1990. In 2017, he replanted 1 hectare, using the new TRS1 variety, applying high technology to production, using microbial fertilizers and environmentally friendly pesticides. According to him, the new coffee varieties his family grows have a higher yield than the old varieties by about 4 tons of fresh coffee/ha. In the 2023-2024 coffee crop, the total income of the 2-hectare coffee garden is 300 million VND (about 180 million VND for the replanted coffee garden alone). After deducting all investment costs, his family has a profit of about 160 million VND.

Source: https://danviet.vn/mot-giong-ca-phe-duoc-trong-o-tay-nguyen-cho-nang-suat-43-tan-ha-lam-loi-tren-31000-ty-dong-cho-nong-dan-20240602071426165.htm