Amending regulations on greenhouse gas emission reduction and ozone layer protection
In which, Decree No. 119/2025/ND-CP amends Article 12 on the organization of greenhouse gas emission quota allocation for facilities:
1- Phase 2025 - 2026
Facilities allocated greenhouse gas emission quotas are thermal power plants, iron and steel production facilities, and cement production facilities on the list of greenhouse gas emission facilities that must conduct greenhouse gas inventories issued by the Prime Minister .
The Ministry of Agriculture and Environment shall preside over and coordinate with the Ministry of Industry and Trade and the Ministry of Construction to pilot the proposal of quota allocation for 2025 and 2026 for each thermal power plant, iron and steel production facility, and cement production facility mentioned above, and report to the Prime Minister for consideration and approval of the total greenhouse gas emission quota by phase and annually. Based on the total greenhouse gas emission quota approved by the Prime Minister, the Ministry of Agriculture and Environment shall allocate quotas to the facilities before December 31, 2025.
2- Phase 2027 - 2028 and phase 2029 - 2030
Sector management ministries shall propose a list of establishments to be allocated quotas based on the list of establishments emitting greenhouse gases that must conduct greenhouse gas inventories issued by the Prime Minister and the annual quota allocation for each establishment, and send it to the Ministry of Agriculture and Environment before June 30, 2027 for the 2027-2028 period; before June 30, 2029 for the 2029-2030 period.
The Ministry of Industry and Trade and the Ministry of Construction shall update the list of establishments allocated quotas and the annual quota allocation for each thermal power plant, iron and steel production facility, and send it to the Ministry of Agriculture and Environment before June 30, 2027 for the 2027-2028 period; before June 30, 2029 for the 2029-2030 period.
The Ministry of Agriculture and Environment shall preside over and coordinate with relevant ministries and agencies to review, evaluate, synthesize and report to the Prime Minister for consideration and approval of the total greenhouse gas emission quota for the 2027-2028 period, the 2029-2030 period and annually. Based on the total greenhouse gas emission quota approved by the Prime Minister, the Ministry of Agriculture and Environment shall allocate quotas to establishments before October 31, 2027 for the 2027-2028 period and before October 31, 2029 for the 2029-2030 period.
3- Method of determining greenhouse gas emission quotas
a- Greenhouse gas emission quotas are determined based on the level of greenhouse gas emissions per unit of product; growth targets of the sector; greenhouse gas emission reduction targets of the sector and facility according to the production and business plan; emission reduction potential of the facility; technical, technological and financial capacity of the facility in implementing greenhouse gas emission reduction.
The method for determining greenhouse gas emission quotas is specified in detail in Method 01 of Appendix I issued with this Decree.
b- Sector management ministries shall apply the method specified in Point a above to determine the proposed greenhouse gas emission quotas to be allocated to establishments.
The establishments allocated quotas are allowed to exchange greenhouse gas emission quotas and carbon credits on the Carbon Exchange according to the roadmap specified in Article 17 of this Decree.
The cost of implementing greenhouse gas emission quota allocation is arranged from the state budget according to the state budget management decentralization.
Amending regulations on exchange and transfer of greenhouse gas emission quotas
In addition, Decree 119/2025/ND-CP also amends Article 19 on exchanging, borrowing, paying back, transferring, and offsetting greenhouse gas emission quotas and carbon credits:
Greenhouse gas emission quotas and carbon credits allowed to be exchanged on the Carbon Exchange include: Greenhouse gas emission quotas specified in Article 12 of this Decree. A unit of greenhouse gas emission quota represents the right to emit 1 ton of CO2 or 1 ton of CO2 equivalent ; carbon credits are granted for greenhouse gas emission reduction results from January 1, 2021 of programs and projects under the mechanism specified in Article 20 of this Decree and the mechanism specified in Point a, Point b, Clause 1, Article 20a of this Decree.
The exchange of greenhouse gas emission allowances is carried out on the Carbon Exchange in accordance with the law on the Carbon Exchange.
Pay greenhouse gas emission quota
For each allocation period, the facility is responsible for returning the greenhouse gas emission quota to the State. The amount of greenhouse gas emission quota returned must be at least equal to the greenhouse gas inventory results from direct emission sources during the allocation period of the facility minus the amount of offset carbon credits.
The facility shall self-pay the greenhouse gas emission quota to the National Registration System before December 31 of the year following the allocated period.
The State encourages establishments to voluntarily pay greenhouse gas emission quotas that are greater than the results of greenhouse gas inventories from direct emission sources during the allocated period, contributing to the implementation of the national greenhouse gas emission reduction target.
Facilities that fail to fully pay their greenhouse gas emission quotas will be subject to penalties in accordance with the law on administrative penalties for environmental protection violations. At the same time, the remaining amount of greenhouse gas emission quotas will be deducted from the facility's allocated quota for the next period.
Greenhouse gas emission quota transfer
During the period up to 2030, the facility can transfer the unused greenhouse gas emission allowance after completing the repayment of the current period to the next period. The amount of transferred allowance is used for exchange.
The facility shall self-transfer the greenhouse gas emission quota on the National Registration System after returning the greenhouse gas emission quota of the allocated period.
After 30 days from the deadline for returning the greenhouse gas emission quotas of the allocated period, the Ministry of Agriculture and Environment shall cancel the quotas of the previously allocated periods that have not been transferred or/and returned by the facility on the National Registration System, and at the same time send and update data to the Carbon Trading Platform operators.
This Decree comes into force from August 1, 2025.
According to baochinhphu.vn
Source: https://baolaocai.vn/quy-dinh-moi-ve-phan-bo-han-ngach-phat-thai-khi-nha-kinh-cho-co-so-post403152.html
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