Strabismus, also known as squint, is a phenomenon in which the two eyes do not have the same axis of vision. Early treatment is needed to avoid serious eye and cosmetic complications.
The article was professionally consulted by Dr. Vu Thi Que Anh, Department of Ophthalmology, Hanoi Medical University Hospital.
What is strabismus?
Strabismus is when one eye turns inward, outward, up, or down, while the other eye looks straight ahead. When one eye turns inward, the patient has an introverted strabismus. When one eye turns outward, the patient has an extroverted strabismus. When the eyes are not aligned, the images sent to the brain from each eye are very different.
If strabismus is left untreated, the brain may begin to reject images from the eye that is facing the wrong direction. This can lead to a condition called amblyopia.
Classify
There are many different types of strabismus. Strabismus is commonly classified by direction into internal strabismus, external strabismus, and vertical strabismus.
Reason
- Three of the 12 cranial nerves (III, IV, VI) are involved in innervating the ocular muscles and paralysis of these nerves can cause strabismus.
- Due to trauma, vascular disease such as stroke, or thyroid disease...
- Some special strabismus disorders may have their own names such as Brown syndrome, Duane syndrome, Ciancia syndrome...
Treatment
Strabismus is common in young children and if left untreated can lead to amblyopia due to strabismus. Currently, strabismus treatment includes surgical and non-surgical methods to correct the misalignment of the eyeball.
Non-surgical treatments
- Glasses or contact lenses help improve vision and are used to treat accommodation-induced strabismus.
- Use a prism with a thick base and a thinner top. Depending on the direction of the strabismus, the base of the prism is adjusted to face outward or inward. The lens has the effect of adjusting the direction of light entering the eye and reducing the deviation of the squinted eye when looking at the target object.
- Doctors instruct vision exercises to improve and correct eye coordination.
Surgical treatments
Depending on the degree of strabismus, binocular vision, strabismus morphology, and muscle movement, the surgeon may prescribe different methods such as muscle regression, muscle regression with suture correction, muscle retraction, or muscle relocation to achieve appropriate correction.
Treatment goals for strabismus
- Bring both eyes to coaxial.
- Improve binocular vision to the maximum possible.
- Helps the two eyes to work together (maintains binocular vision).
- Improved aesthetics.
When you or a loved one shows signs of strabismus, go to a medical facility to be examined by a specialist and receive effective treatment advice.
Thuy An
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