Common diseases when the weather turns cold

Flu

Influenza is an infectious disease caused by influenza viruses and there are 3 types of influenza viruses that cause illness in humans. But depending on the type, it can cause an epidemic or not. Influenza is usually transmitted through the respiratory tract, directly through droplets when the patient sneezes or indirectly through contact with hands and then touching the eyes, nose, mouth. Therefore, at this time of the season, you should avoid close contact with people who have the flu to avoid spreading the disease.

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Incubation period: Usually 1 to 4 days, the disease can start 1 day before fever and last up to 7 days in adults, and can even be several months if the person is immunocompromised.

Pneumonia

The climate changes from autumn to winter, the lungs are very susceptible to damage, especially the lungs of children and the elderly. When pneumonia occurs, the alveoli in the lungs become inflamed due to some damage. The inflammation causes the lungs to fill with abnormal mucus or pus, making it difficult for the patient to breathe and creating a cough reflex to push the fluid out. In particular, pneumonia can have serious complications leading to death.

Common symptoms of pneumonia:

- Chest tightness, especially when breathing or coughing. Sometimes the patient also has difficulty breathing.

- Not clear-headed, confused (common in the elderly).

- Cough with phlegm. Phlegm may be accompanied by pus.

- Tired, even weak.

- Fever, body temperature increases gradually over time. However, this is completely opposite in the elderly, people with weakened immune systems.

- Nausea and vomiting

- Diarrhea

- Arrhythmia.

When you have the above signs and your health is getting worse, you need to go to a medical facility immediately for doctors to examine and diagnose the disease. In addition, you need to exercise to increase your resistance. For children, you need to wear enough warm clothes and eat enough nutrients during the changing seasons.

Measles

Measles is an infectious disease caused by the measles virus. The disease is transmitted through the respiratory tract through droplets of secretions from the respiratory tract of an infected person or through direct contact or through contaminated hands with respiratory secretions containing the pathogen. Measles has typical symptoms such as fever, rash, cough, red eyes (conjunctivitis), runny nose; can lead to serious complications such as: otitis media, pneumonia, diarrhea, corneal ulcers, encephalitis... easily leading to death.

For children with measles, parents should not abstain from water, wind, or food... Because when children do not eat enough nutrients, the disease will last longer; and abstaining from wind and water will make children unhygienic, increasing the rate of pneumonia and other respiratory infections.

Pink eye

Pink eye is the common name for conjunctivitis. This is a disease characterized by inflammation of the conjunctiva of the eyeball - the transparent membrane covering the white part of the eye and the inside of the eyelid. When you have pink eye, the superficial blood vessels of the conjunctiva dilate, leading to congestion, conjunctival edema and discharge.

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To prevent this disease, patients must maintain personal hygiene and keep their living space clean. The disease is highly contagious, so absolutely avoid contact with sick people. In addition, do not share towels, wash basins, avoid rubbing your eyes, wash your hands regularly with soap. Wear glasses when going out to avoid wind and dust from getting into your eyes, use eye drops daily, wash your face towels with soap and dry them in the sun.

Skin allergy

When the seasons change, the temperature of day and night always changes, along with that, the humidity also decreases sharply, instead of dry weather. Therefore, these are the factors that cause skin allergies. This is the most common skin disease, in anyone and any age. Although skin allergies are not dangerous, they will affect the daily life and aesthetics of the patient. In people with more severe symptoms, allergies can lead to anaphylactic shock, greatly affecting health and even life.

Therefore, it is necessary to test for allergens to know the exact cause of skin allergies and have a dermatologist give more effective preventive measures. In addition, patients need to clean their bodies and keep their bodies warm every day...

Sinusitis

In the fall and winter, sinusitis in our country always increases, due to low humidity and increased dryness, causing the nasal mucosa to peel, causing sneezing, runny nose, sore nose, headache, earache, sore throat,...

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Although not too dangerous, sinusitis is one of the diseases that is difficult to cure completely, causing the most discomfort and inconvenience for the patient. In addition to taking medication as prescribed by the doctor, people with sinusitis need to limit eating cold foods, wear light clothes and wear masks when going out...

Osteoarthritis

Weather changes are also the cause of bone and joint pain. The disease mainly occurs in middle-aged and elderly people, those who do heavy labor, and those who are overactive. The pain is not simply due to changes in weather, sitting, or working in the wrong posture, but can also be a warning sign of dangerous bone and joint diseases that need to be detected early to prevent the risk of disability.

People with osteoarthritis need to pay attention to cold prevention and keep warm, especially after sweating, should not bathe immediately with cold water. In addition, if the patient experiences too much pain, they need to go to a medical facility to be examined promptly by orthopedic specialists to avoid leaving unpredictable complications.

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