Illustration photo.
According to information released on May 12 by the US National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), an international research team led by scientist Jonathan Nichols of the University of Leicester (UK) analyzed data collected from the James Webb Telescope. The results showed that the aurora bands on Jupiter are not only very intense but also change rapidly and are rich in energy - something that even the famous Voyager 2 probe had never recorded before.
Similar to Earth, Jupiter's auroras form when high-energy charged particles from space collide with gas atoms in the atmosphere near the planet's magnetic poles. However, the biggest difference lies in the origin and power of the phenomenon. While Earth's auroras only appear during solar storms, Jupiter's auroras are also "powered" by its moon Io - the most volcanically active satellite in the solar system. Eruptions from Io release large amounts of charged particles into space, creating an abundant source of energy that keeps the auroras glowing.
Although similar in mechanism to Earth’s Northern and Southern Auroras, Jupiter’s aurora is far more intense, overwhelming, and surreal in its scale and brilliance. Images captured on Christmas Eve 2023 by the James Webb Space Telescope, the most sophisticated observational instrument ever launched into space, show the continuous pulses of light that resemble the heartbeat of the giant planet. In infrared light, the dance of light comes to life, carrying cosmic energy and a story of formation spanning billions of years.
According to scientists, this phenomenon is evidence that Jupiter's magnetic field - the strongest in the solar system - is creating spectacular reactions with the solar wind, while also providing valuable clues about the atmospheres of planets outside the solar system.
Previously, James Webb also made a strong impression when he captured a faint but magical image of the aurora on Neptune - a distant icy planet that Voyager 2 only passed by once decades ago. Now, with a series of new data about Jupiter, James Webb once again affirms his pioneering role in expanding the door to human understanding of the vast universe.
Source: https://doanhnghiepvn.vn/cong-nghe/sao-moc-ruc-sang-voi-vu-dieu-cuc-quang-ky-vi-gap-hang-tram-lan-trai-dat/20250514080621149
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