About the Algerian economy
Algeria is the 10th largest North African country in the world and the first in Africa (2,381,741 km²), with a population of about 47 million people, an estimated GDP of over 260 billion USD, the third largest in Africa, with a GDP per capita of about 5,532 USD in 2025. In the economic structure, agriculture accounts for 14.7%, industry 42.3% and services 43%. According to a report by the World Bank (WB), Algeria's GDP growth will reach 3.8% in 2025.
In terms of foreign trade, in 2024, Algeria's export turnover will reach 49.35 billion USD and import turnover will reach about 46.05 billion USD, with a trade surplus of 3.3 billion USD. Algeria's economy is mainly based on oil and gas production, accounting for nearly 30% of GDP, over 30% of tax revenue and about 90% of export turnover. In the world market, Algeria is an important producer and exporter of natural gas (ranked 5th in production and 2nd in export) and oil (13th in production and 9th in export). Algeria is currently actively diversifying its economy and reducing its dependence on oil.
Algeria advocates relying on domestic resources and not borrowing from abroad. By 2025, Algeria's foreign debt will account for less than 3% of GDP. Algeria's foreign exchange reserves will reach nearly 70 billion USD, equivalent to 15.8 months of imports. Since 2017, in order to reduce the trade deficit and protect domestic production, the Algerian government has issued policies to tighten imports, increase foreign investment attraction, diversify the economy, replace imports and promote exports of non-oil and gas products. Algeria still maintains a policy of subsidizing essential goods such as cooking oil, flour, sugar, milk, and coffee.
Regarding international economic integration, Algeria is not yet a member of the World Trade Organization (WTO). This country has participated in 03 Free Trade Agreements (FTAs): FTA with the European Union (27 countries), FTA with the Arab region (19 countries) and FTA Africa Continental Free Trade Agreement - AFCFTA (54 countries). Algeria has currently signed 58 bilateral trade agreements, including 02 preferential trade agreements with Tunisia and Jordan.
The situation of economic and trade cooperation between Vietnam and Algeria
Vietnam and Algeria have signed a number of important legal documents such as the Bilateral Trade Agreement, the Cooperation Agreement between the Trade Promotion Departments of the two countries, the Memorandum of Understanding between the two National Chambers of Commerce and Industry... If from the 1960s to 2000, trade exchange between the two countries was still small with a few items and mainly carried out within the framework of Vietnam's debt repayment, since 2001 up to now, the bilateral trade value has grown significantly with the participation of a large number of private enterprises. According to the Vietnam Customs Department, the import-export turnover between the two countries in the first 10 months of 2025 reached nearly 500 million USD, an increase of more than 200% over the same period last year. The main products exported by our country to Algeria include coffee, cashew nuts, pepper, seafood, chemicals, footwear, textiles, iron and steel, etc. Many Vietnamese products such as agricultural products, footwear, textiles have established a foothold in the market and are highly appreciated by local businesses and consumers. Algerian products exported to Vietnam include computers, electronic products and components, carob powder, chicken feet, animal feed, etc. You also need to find customers for other strong agricultural products such as dates and olive oil.
Vietnam-Algeria online trade conference organized by the Vietnam Trade Office in October 2024
Recently, relevant agencies of Vietnam and Algeria have coordinated to organize many direct and online seminars to connect businesses of both sides. Businesses of the two countries are increasingly interested in each other's markets, attending more regularly major international fairs and exhibitions such as Vietnam Expo, Vietnam Food Expo, Foire Internationale d'Alger, etc.
Embassy and Trade Office inaugurate Vietnam pavilion at Algiers International Fair (June 2025)
In addition to trade, the two countries have expanded cooperation to the field of investment in oil and gas exploration and exploitation in Algeria. The tripartite joint venture between the PetroVietnam Exploration and Production Corporation (PVEP) - a member unit of PVN, the Algerian National Oil and Gas Company (Sonatrach) and the Thai Petroleum Exploration and Production Company (PTTEP) was established in 2009, located in Bir Seba field, Hassi Messaoud area, Ouargla province, more than 600 km south of the capital Algiers, and is in the process of phase 1 exploitation. Since the first oil flow in August 2015, as of November 2025, the total production output is estimated to reach nearly 62 million barrels. In the first months of this year, the output was from 17,500 to 18,000 barrels of oil per day. This is also considered a bright spot in the bilateral cooperation between Vietnam and Algeria.
Besides oil and gas, the Algerian government also calls on Vietnamese enterprises to invest in many potential fields such as agriculture, agricultural processing, seafood farming, textiles, tourism, logistics, mineral exploitation, construction, etc.
Algeria's Investment Law issued in 2022 has introduced new incentives, especially access to industrial land, tax incentives during the project implementation phase, tax exemptions during the exploitation period as well as simplification of administrative procedures... In the past year, a number of Vietnamese business delegations have come to Algeria to seek investment opportunities, joint ventures in the fields of pharmaceutical production, functional foods, construction and human resource supply.
The Algerian Minister of Foreign Trade and Export Promotion hopes that the two countries will soon establish a Business Council to further expand cooperation between Vietnamese and Algerian enterprises. This will be an effective dialogue channel between enterprises and government agencies of both sides. Through the Council, problems in trade and investment relations will be discussed and the best solutions for enterprises will be found.
With their strategic geographical locations, Vietnam and Algeria are expected to play the role of regional gateways for each country's goods to penetrate deeper into each other's markets as well as to neighboring countries in Africa and Asia.
Source: https://moit.gov.vn/tin-tuc/trien-vong-hop-tac-kinh-te-thuong-mai-viet-nam-algeria.html
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