According to family members, on the afternoon of April 10, the young couple went into the forest to pick mushrooms to eat. This type of mushroom is white, has a round head, and a long stem. About 12 hours after eating the mushrooms, both experienced digestive symptoms, including abdominal pain, loose stools, and frequent vomiting.
The two victims were taken to Lai Chau General Hospital by their families for emergency treatment. There, the husband (21 years old) was diagnosed with: Mushroom poisoning - acute liver failure - severe blood clotting disorder. The wife (18 years old) was diagnosed with: mushroom poisoning - acute liver and kidney damage, blood clotting disorder/metabolic acidosis, and was treated with intravenous fluids, blood products, etc. However, the patient's condition did not improve, he was agitated and restless, and his condition worsened, so he was transferred to the Poison Control Center, Bach Mai Hospital.
At the center, both patients were in deep coma. Tests showed damage and failure of multiple organs, irritation of the digestive tract, hepatitis, fulminant liver failure, hepatic coma, acute renal failure, myocardial damage, severe blood clotting disorders, and a very high risk of death. The two patients were actively treated by doctors, with plasma exchange, continuous blood filtration, antidotes, resuscitation, etc.
Up to now, the two patients are still in a deep coma, their liver function is still severely damaged, they continue to be resuscitated and treated actively, but the prognosis is poor.
Beware of the white, attractive mushrooms
According to Dr. Nguyen Trung Nguyen - Director of the Poison Control Center, Bach Mai Hospital: In Vietnam, there are many types of poisonous mushrooms, but they can be classified into 2 groups. The first is the group that causes slow poisoning, the second is the group that causes fast poisoning.
The group of slow poisoning mushrooms is the type of mushroom that causes poisoning that appears late (more than 6 hours after eating), is the most dangerous and often causes death. In Vietnam, the white poisonous mushroom ( Amanita verna ) and the white poisonous cone mushroom ( Amanita virosa ) are recorded, which look white, beautiful and most attractive among the poisonous mushrooms, even delicious to eat. The toxin of these mushrooms is amatoxin, which damages the intestines, liver, kidneys, heart and other organs. The poisoning occurs in 3 stages:
- Stage 1 has a long incubation period, symptoms appear late within at least 6 hours after eating, often dozens of hours, when symptoms appear, they always start with very severe digestive symptoms (abdominal pain, nausea, frequent acute diarrhea), this stage lasts 1-2 days.
- Phase 2 (next 1-2 days): Digestive symptoms subside, making it easy for patients and inexperienced doctors to mistakenly think that the patient has recovered, however, the liver begins to be damaged.
- Stage 3 (from about day 3 onwards), symptoms include hepatitis, liver failure, kidney failure, blood clotting disorders, jaundice, bleeding, mental stimulation leading to coma and death. The mortality rate of poisoning from this mushroom is estimated by the Poison Control Center to be about 50%, including deaths at the front line and at home.
“When there are signs of poisoning, that is, more than 6 hours after eating, the poisonous mushrooms have passed through the stomach and into the intestines, and even been largely absorbed into the body. Initial emergency measures will no longer be effective.”
As for the types of mushrooms that cause early poisoning, they usually cause poisoning within 6 hours after eating. This group has more types of mushrooms, but all look colorful or unattractive. Depending on the specific mushroom species, they usually only cause abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhea, and possibly neurological, psychiatric, and cardiovascular symptoms. With the current capacity of district hospitals, these poisoning cases can be treated.
Dr. Nguyen Trung Nguyen added that the two patients mentioned above had eaten a type of mushroom that caused late poisoning. This is a type of amatoxin mushroom that causes liver and kidney damage, which is very dangerous.
“In case of accidentally eating mushrooms suspected to be poisonous, depending on local conditions, the patient may be given emergency measures such as inducing vomiting (after eating, the patient is still conscious). In case the patient has diarrhea or vomits a lot, the patient can be given fluids to rehydrate and replenish salt. However, the patient still needs to be taken to the nearest medical facility for examination, assessment and emergency treatment by doctors.
“With slow-acting poisonous mushrooms, initial emergency measures are almost ineffective. Therefore, it is best for patients to receive emergency care and intensive treatment right at a hospital or medical facility with good anti-poisoning and resuscitation conditions, because the treatment is extremely complicated, requires a lot of effort, a lot of resources, and is expensive,” the anti-poison expert instructed.
Dr. Nguyen Trung Nguyen also recommends that to prevent mushroom poisoning, people should absolutely not pick wild mushrooms to eat (except wood ear mushrooms), because distinguishing between poisonous and non-poisonous mushrooms is very difficult, even for experts.
Minh Trang
Source: https://baophapluat.vn/vo-chong-tre-hon-me-sau-sau-an-loai-nam-ua-nhin-post546014.html
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