Are you entitled to unemployment benefits if you quit your job under Decree 178?

Civil servants and employees participating in social insurance (with unemployment insurance), when terminating their labor contracts can receive unemployment benefits (illustrative photo)

Unemployment insurance operates on the principle of "you pay, you get"

When implementing the policy of streamlining the apparatus, many cadres, civil servants, public employees and workers in public administrative units will quit their jobs.

Ms. Dong Phuong Anh, a civil servant in Thanh Xuan district, Hanoi , recently completed early retirement procedures under the staff streamlining program.

According to Ms. Phuong Anh, during the process of preparing her retirement documents, she was thoroughly advised by the social insurance agency about her benefits after leaving her job. Because civil servants are not eligible for unemployment insurance, Ms. Phuong Anh was not entitled to unemployment benefits when she left her job.

However, according to the provisions of Decree 178/2024, amended and supplemented by Decree 67/2025, Ms. Phuong Anh is entitled to receive severance allowance as prescribed.

A representative of the Hanoi Social Insurance Agency said that for those who retire under Decree 178, in addition to the pension regime under the Social Insurance Law, they will not have their pension rate deducted due to early retirement. This group of people will also receive a one-time subsidy according to regulations.

For civil servants and employees participating in social insurance (with unemployment insurance), when terminating their labor contracts, they can receive unemployment benefits. The benefit level is equal to 60% of the average salary for 6 months and depends on the number of years the employee has participated in unemployment insurance. For each year of unemployment insurance payment, they will receive 1 month of unemployment benefits.

Distinguishing policies of civil servants, public employees and workers

According to Decree 178, civil servants who have been working for 2 years or more and are at retirement age but do not meet the conditions for early retirement will enjoy 3 regimes when they quit their jobs.

First of all, the severance allowance. If a civil servant resigns within the first 12 months from the date of the decision to reorganize the apparatus of the competent authority, he/she will receive an allowance equal to 0.8 months of current salary multiplied by the number of months of allowance calculation. In case of resignation from the 13th month onwards, the allowance is reduced to 0.4 months of current salary for each month of calculation.

In addition, civil servants are also entitled to benefits corresponding to the period of compulsory social insurance payment, specifically 1.5 months of current salary for each year of work with social insurance payment.

In addition, civil servants can reserve their social insurance payment period or choose to receive social insurance at one time according to the law.

However, it should be noted that civil servants do not participate in and are not entitled to unemployment insurance under current regulations.

For civil servants and employees in similar cases, that is, those who have reached retirement age for 2 years or more but are not eligible for early retirement, the severance support policy is somewhat broader.

In addition to the same benefits as civil servants such as severance pay (at 0.8 months salary if leaving within the first 12 months and 0.4 months if leaving from the 13th month onwards), a subsidy of 1.5 months salary for each year of social insurance contribution and the right to reserve or receive social insurance at a time, civil servants and employees are also supported with an additional 3 months of current salary to find a job.

In particular, they are also entitled to unemployment insurance benefits according to the law.

Thus, both civil servants, public employees and workers are entitled to severance pay and social insurance-related support. However, only civil servants and workers are entitled to additional job search allowance and unemployment insurance.

TB (according to Vietnamnet)

Source: https://baohaiduong.vn/nghi-viec-theo-nghi-dinh-178-co-duoc-huong-tro-cap-that-nghiep-khong-411220.html