From July 1, 2025: Who must participate in compulsory social insurance?

The Law on Social Insurance 2024 was passed by the National Assembly on June 29, 2024, and will take effect from July 1, 2025. The Law on Social Insurance 2024 consists of 11 chapters and 141 articles. The work of drafting the Law has three specific goals: Ensuring social security in accordance with the provisions of the Constitution; institutionalizing the viewpoints, guidelines, and reform contents in Resolution No. 28-NQ/TW and related documents and resolutions; Fundamentally amending practical difficulties and shortcomings; Expanding and increasing rights and benefits to attract employees to participate in social insurance.

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Accordingly, the Law on Social Insurance 2024 has 14 key points, of which the regulation on expanding the subjects eligible to participate in social insurance is a notable new point. Specifically, the Law on Social Insurance 2024 stipulates the expansion of subjects eligible to participate in compulsory social insurance to:

Business owners of business households with business registration participate according to Government regulations. Enterprise managers, controllers, representatives of state capital; representatives of enterprise capital at companies and parent companies according to the provisions of the Law on Enterprises; members of the Board of Directors, General Directors, Directors, members of the Board of Supervisors or controllers and other elected management positions of Cooperatives and Cooperative Unions according to the provisions of the Law on Cooperatives do not receive salaries.

Part-time employees whose monthly salary is equal to or higher than the lowest salary used as the basis for compulsory social insurance contributions. In case the employee and the employer agree on a different name but the content shows the paid work, salary and management, operation and supervision of one party...

Part-time workers in villages and residential groups; regular militia. Expand the rights of part-time workers at the commune level to participate in and enjoy full compulsory social insurance regimes instead of only paying and enjoying two regimes: retirement and death as in the current Law.

In addition, according to Vietnam Social Security, in order to gradually move towards a compulsory social insurance policy for all workers with jobs, income and salary when meeting the necessary conditions in the spirit of Resolution No. 28-NQ/TW on reforming social insurance policies, the Social Insurance Law 2024 assigns the National Assembly Standing Committee to decide on compulsory social insurance participation for other subjects with stable and regular jobs and income based on the Government's proposal in accordance with the socio-economic development conditions of each period.

The above regulation is considered to facilitate the expansion of compulsory social insurance participants to other groups of subjects in accordance with changes in labor relations, economic and social development conditions, and the lives of workers in the future. At the same time, the addition of the above regulation is also consistent with the provisions of the 2019 Labor Code, contributing to creating conditions for many workers to be guaranteed the right to participate in compulsory social insurance and fully enjoy social insurance policies.

According to Vietnam Social Security, as of December 31, 2024, the number of people participating in social insurance will reach about 20.11 million people, an increase of 9.2% compared to 2023, reaching a rate of 42.71% compared to the working-age labor force.

Bao Thoa