What should you eat while traveling to avoid botulinum poisoning?

VnExpress•02/09/2023

My family is traveling during the holidays. What foods should we avoid to minimize the risk of botulinum poisoning? (Nguyen Phuong, Ho Chi Minh City)

Reply:

Clostridium botulinum bacteria thrive in oxygen-deficient environments and produce botulinum toxin. Under harsh conditions, Clostridium botulinum can transform into a robust, long-lasting spore form.

Clostridium botulinum is widely distributed in nature and can be found in food, garden soil, animal feces, dirt, pond water, river and lake water, and animal intestines. This bacterium thrives in spoiled food and canned meat that has been stored for a long time.

Foodborne botulinum poisoning is quite common, occurring when a person consumes food contaminated with Clostridium botulinum spores. When food is stored improperly, the bacteria can grow, releasing toxins into the food.

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When traveling, consuming improperly preserved food can lead to botulinum poisoning in your family. Common sources of infection include low-acid canned foods such as beans, canned meat, canned fish, and vegan pâté. Honey contaminated with Clostridium botulinum spores is also a cause of illness in some cases. This is one of the reasons the American Academy of Pediatrics recommends against giving honey to children under one year old.

Clostridium botulinum bacteria do not grow in acidic foods. However, if they have already been contaminated with the toxin, they are also unsafe.

Your family can also be exposed to botulinum toxin through cuts or scrapes. This is a rare condition where Clostridium botulinum spores enter an open wound, grow, and release the toxin into the bloodstream. In some cases, the toxin develops after surgery or serious injury.

To prevent botulinum poisoning while traveling, families should choose food from reputable sources that meets quality standards recognized by relevant authorities. Be cautious of sealed food that has an unusual smell, color, or taste. Avoid food containers that show signs of damage or bulging, as these may indicate bacterial contamination.

Prioritize freshly prepared, cooked food and discard any stored food that smells foul. High temperatures destroy botulinum toxins if they are present in food. Properly treat any open wounds to prevent botulinum infection through these lesions.

Botulinum poisoning is a serious illness; symptoms may include drooping eyelids and abnormalities related to facial muscles, eyes, and throat. The bacteria produce toxins that attack the nervous system, causing weakness and paralysis of the muscles. If left untreated, botulinum poisoning can be fatal.

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