People in Dong Quang commune ( Thanh Hoa city) harvest rice with a combine. Photo: Hoang Dong
The province currently has about 94,135 machines of all kinds. The rate of applying CGH in the production of major crops such as: Rice has a rate of 98% for land preparation, 22% for planting, 82% for harvesting, and 79% for transportation. Corn has a rate of 88% for land preparation, 7% for planting, 16% for harvesting, and 84% for transportation... In addition, in the province, there are 2,860 hectares of safe vegetables, fruit trees, and intensive sugarcane areas that apply and transfer water-saving irrigation technology. In addition, investing in advanced machinery such as fertilizer planes, pesticide sprayers, bed-making machines, seeding machines, closed-loop barns, feeding troughs, automatic water nipples, incubators... Aquaculture households in the area have also boldly invested in using water fan systems, oxygenators in ponds, and control cameras...
Applying CGH not only ensures timely harvest, reduces production costs, saves time, overcomes the shortage of labor during the main season, but also helps people access modern machinery, changes production thinking from traditional, manual production to concentrated production. At the same time, it contributes to increasing crop and livestock productivity by about 10 - 15%, reducing post-harvest losses by about 5%, increasing income for agricultural households, contributing to raising the average production value of the whole province.
However, this process still faces many obstacles. According to Deputy Head of the Department of Agriculture and Environment of Thieu Hoa district, Trinh Duc Hung, for the synchronous application of CGH, the whole district has 193 combine harvesters, 210 transplanters; the area of rice trays reaches 3,375 hectares/crop; the CGH rate in the land preparation stage reaches 100%, the harvest reaches nearly 80%, but the planting rate is not high. The reason is that the scale of agricultural production is still fragmented, the infrastructure is not synchronous to meet the demand for CGH. In other production stages, the investment in machinery is quite simple, but in the rice planting stage, to implement CGH, people not only invest in machinery like other stages, but also have to invest in facilities, equipment and knowledge, and techniques for producing rice trays. This requires producers to have professional investment in both capital and knowledge. Therefore, it has not been widely replicated among individual households, so the rate of CGH implementation in the planting stage is low.
In mountainous districts, the barriers to applying synchronous CGH are even greater, mainly due to terrain factors. Deputy Head of the Department of Agriculture and Environment of Nhu Xuan District, Le Tien Dat, said: Most mountainous districts have small, scattered agricultural production areas or terraced terrain, while infrastructure, especially canal systems and intra-field traffic, have not been invested in, so moving machines, especially large-capacity machines into production is quite difficult, high cost but low efficiency. In addition, households applying CGH in agricultural production mainly rely on experience and habits, most of them have not been trained or fostered in machine operation and maintenance techniques, so they still face many difficulties and confusion during operation; cooperatives and households still have difficulties in capital sources, so they have not boldly invested in equipment and machinery for agricultural production.
In addition, currently, the province does not have many linkage models between farmers and enterprises in the process of implementing CGH; the investment efficiency of CGH models is not high; the local budget has not provided much support for the CGH sector; there is a lack of types of machines suitable for the level and scale of production; the training of machine operators is still weak and there is a lack of professional CGH service providers.
Faced with the above barriers, to increase the rate of CGH in agricultural production, the agricultural sector and local authorities are focusing on directing the implementation of land accumulation and concentration, field improvement, investment in completing rural infrastructure, intra-field traffic, drainage systems, etc. to facilitate the application of CGH in production, meeting the requirements of agricultural development towards large-scale concentrated commodities in localities. In addition, supplementing and perfecting policies to promote the application of CGH in agricultural production, expanding the model of large-scale fields. Along with that, encouraging people to proactively invest in purchasing machinery, applying CGH in cultivation, livestock, and aquaculture to improve production efficiency. At the same time, it is necessary to pay attention to opening training courses on repair, maintenance, and use of agricultural machinery to ensure the most effective operation.
Le Ngoc
Source: https://baothanhhoa.vn/rao-can-nang-cao-ty-le-co-gioi-hoa-dong-bo-250429.htm
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