Promoting the preservation and development of culture and folk arts of ethnic minorities - Cao Bang Electronic Newspaper

Nang Hai Festival in Tien Thanh Commune (Quang Hoa) - National Intangible Cultural Heritage.

With a rich history and culture, it is a gathering place for ethnic minorities: Tay, Nung, Mong, Dao, Lo Lo, San Chi; it is the cradle of the development of Then Tay, Nung, Thai practices - recognized by UNESCO as a representative intangible cultural heritage of humanity..., many types of culture and folk arts of ethnic groups in the province are preserved, conserved and promoted. Some types have become national intangible cultural heritages such as: Then Tay ritual of Cao Bang province; Nang Hai Festival, Tien Thanh Commune, forging craft of Nung An people in Phuc Sen Commune (Quang Hoa)... The number of intangible cultural heritages remaining in the province after inventory includes 2,000 heritages, of which there are 6 heritages of language, 2 heritages of writing, 150 heritages of folk literature, 300 heritages of folk performing arts, 745 heritages of social customs and beliefs, 200 heritages of traditional festivals, 112 heritages of traditional crafts, 487 heritages of folk knowledge. Of which, it is necessary to mention the heritage of language and writing, currently most of the ethnic groups in the province have well preserved their ethnic languages ​​and often use them as a language of communication in daily life; 100% of Mong, Dao, Lo Lo, San Chi ethnic families residing in villages speak their mother tongue. Typically, the Tay ethnic group accounts for over 40.83% of the population, the largest population in the province, 80% of the Tay people regularly use the Tay language as a language of communication in daily life. The Tay language is also the common language when communicating with other ethnic groups living in the same area such as: Mong, Dao, Lo Lo, San Chi. Regarding writing, there are 2 heritages: Nom Tay script and Nom Dao script. The Dao writing is a system of Chinese characters transcribed into Dao (or in other words, the Dao people borrow Chinese characters to record their language). Currently, in most Dao ethnic families, the elderly still keep many ancient books left by their ancestors. The Provincial Museum currently preserves 39 books in Chinese and Nom Tay used in the rituals of Tay ethnic shamans, and 22 books collected in the Dao community.

The work of preserving and promoting traditional cultural values ​​such as: language, writing, folk performing arts, customs and practices of ethnic groups in the province is regularly promoted through programs, projects, plans and many other forms of activities such as: Organizing Then singing - Tinh lute festival. Folk singing contest, ethnic costume performance, Mong and Lo Lo ethnic cultural festival... to preserve and promote the values ​​of traditional cultural heritage of ethnic groups, contributing to promoting local tourism development. Programs and plans issued and implemented by the province aim to preserve and promote the traditional cultural identity of ethnic minorities in accordance with the actual situation, improving the level of spiritual and cultural enjoyment for ethnic minorities in the province, such as the Project "Preserving and promoting the values ​​of folk songs, folk dances, and folk music of ethnic minorities associated with tourism development in the period 2022 - 2030".

Funding support is focused on collecting research materials, collecting and supporting creative funding, publishing research works, collecting culture and folk literature. Propagating,educating and promoting the culture of ethnic minorities, organizing cultural activities to serve ethnic minorities in extremely difficult areas, remote areas, and border areas. With over 100 traditional folk festivals organized on different scales, the work of preserving and promoting traditional festivals of ethnic minorities is preserved with strong local ethnic cultural features, contributing to promoting and attracting tourists. Building scenarios, restoring and preserving some traditional folk festivals that have almost disappeared such as: Fireworks Festival, Quang Uyen town (Quang Hoa); Nang Hai Festival, Kim Dong commune (Thach An); Sung Phuc Pagoda Festival, Thanh Nhat town (Ha Lang); Ky Sam Temple Festival, Vinh Quang commune (City); Thanh Minh Festival (Sinh Minh), Phuc Sen Commune (Quang Hoa). In addition, identifying community tourism development as a sustainable development direction for the locality, the province is interested in investing in building and developing a community tourism model associated with preserving national cultural identity, creating typical local tourism products associated with the cultural life of ethnic groups: Lo Lo (Kim Cuc Commune, Bao Lac), Tay (Khuoi Ky, Dam Thuy Commune, Trung Khanh), Dao Tien (Hoai Khao, Quang Thanh Commune, Nguyen Binh) ...

However, in the process of integration and development, the work of preserving and promoting the traditional cultural and artistic values ​​of ethnic minority communities faces many difficulties and challenges. Particularly for the type of folk literature heritage in the province, there are still 150 heritages, this is a type of heritage that has been greatly lost, currently only a few legends, lullabies, nursery rhymes, songs used in worship rituals of the Tay, Nung, Mong, Dao, Lo Lo ethnic groups still exist. The trend in most localities where the Tay ethnic group lives is that communication within the family mainly uses Kinh language, Tay ethnic children rarely speak their ethnic language, mainly using Kinh language, this makes the Tay language itself disappear within the Tay ethnic children. Currently, the Tay ethnic group no longer maintains its own writing system, only a small part of the system of prayer books, Then books, books of shamans and some shaman practitioners still preserve some Chinese books and use Chinese characters; the number of people who know about Tay Nom script is almost gone. Those who possess knowledge of Dao writing are mainly those who practice religious rituals in the Dao community. The Dao writing system is currently in a state of high risk of being lost, requiring measures to preserve and maintain it...

In addition to preserving and storing for researchers, collecting traditional values ​​among ethnic minorities plays an important role. It is necessary to pay attention to building an environment for transmitting cultural heritage in the community, this is a way for ethnic minorities to nurture, cultivate, enrich their spiritual life, and preserve cultural identity. Localities have solutions to restore and preserve, while at the same time promoting, advertising, and introducing unique cultural features of ethnic groups to create strong attraction for tourists, becoming a strong tourism product of each locality.

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Source: https://baocaobang.vn/day-manh-bao-ton-phat-trien-van-hoa-van-nghe-dan-gian-cac-dan-toc-thieu-so-3177371.html