Changes in land records processing from July 1, 2025

From July 1, local governments will be reorganized into a two-tier model with important changes in authority. Therefore, the Government issued Decree 151/2025/ND-CP with many new points decentralizing to the commune level in the field of land.

Specifically, according to Decree 151/2025/ND-CP dated June 12, 2025, land handling will have the following important changes:

People can submit land applications anywhere in the province.

According to Article 18, Decree 151/2025/ND-CP regulating procedures and dossiers for land registration, assets attached to land, and cadastral records: Accordingly, when submitting dossiers as prescribed in Clause 3 and Clause 4, Article 21, Decree 101/2024/ND-CP, the applicant for registration can choose one of the places to submit dossiers in the provincial area. Cadastral records according to the provisions of the 2024 Land Law are collected according to commune-level administrative units.

The Decree also clearly stipulates: In case the land user or owner of property attached to the land is an individual or a residential community, they can choose where to submit the application.

People come to do land procedures at Vinh City Public Administration Service Center. Photo: Nguyen Hai

To ensure feasibility and to avoid difficulties for people, the Decree also clearly stipulates: The agency handling administrative procedures on land is not allowed to request land users to correct records and documents related to land after the arrangement and organization of two-level local governments, but to do so simultaneously when land users carry out administrative procedures or based on the needs of land users.

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When carrying out procedures for granting Certificates of land use rights and ownership of assets attached to land in Articles 137, 138, 139 and 140 of the 2024 Land Law, the People's Committee at the commune level does not have to separately confirm compliance with planning, no disputes, and stable land use.

Based on the above regulations, the person requesting registration can choose to submit the application in the following forms: (1) Submit directly to the above agencies; (2) Submit via postal service; (3) Submit at the location agreed upon between the person requesting registration and the Land Registration Office, branch of the Land Registration Office; (4) Submit on the National Public Service Portal or Provincial Public Service Portal.

Currently, because Decree 151/2025/ND-CP will not officially take effect until July 1, 2025 and the new 2-level local government model will be put into operation simultaneously from July 1 (some communes have been piloted since June 20, 2025), we have to wait for the Provincial People's Committee to issue specific regulations, along with regulations on receiving and resolving inter-local issues, so it can be officially applied.

In addition, according to an officer of the Land Registration Office branch, land records have their own legal technicalities, so it is difficult for the "one-stop" department of this locality to review and confirm whether the input records of other localities are valid or not, so for now, the Land Registration Office and the "one-stop" department in each locality will receive the land records of that locality. When the 2-level local government model operates stably and especially when the infrastructure conditions of the interconnected "one-stop" departments are guaranteed, people anywhere can submit directly or send by post .

People pay registration fees at a bank branch authorized by the Tax Department. Photo: Nguyen Hai

Mr. Thai Duy Hung - Head of Land Allocation Department, Department of Agriculture and Environment shared: Decree 151/2025/ND-CP stipulates the above breakthrough, but the Government also allows localities to base on the practical situation to have more detailed regulations. Compared with the above regulation, due to the lack of infrastructure, it is likely that the 2-level local government model after operating for a period of time and the "one-stop" department of communes, the local Land Registration Office is connected, then this regulation can be implemented.

Decentralization, strong decentralization to commune level

According to Article 21, Decree 101/2024/ND-CP, the agencies receiving dossiers and returning results of land registration and assets attached to land include: "One-stop" department according to regulations of the Provincial People's Committee on receiving dossiers and returning results of administrative procedure settlement at provincial, district and commune levels; Land registration office; Branch of the Land registration office.

Thus, according to Decree 151/2025/ND-CP, for the first time, the Chairman of the Commune People's Committee is authorized to issue the Land Use Right Certificate and the Certificate of Property Ownership (red book) attached to the land for the first time from July 1, 2025.

In addition to the above cases, the commune level is also responsible for granting red books in cases of land contribution, land adjustment, and re-determination of residential land area in plots with gardens and ponds granted before July 1, 2024. Some authorities previously under the authority of the provincial People's Committee are now decentralized to the commune level, such as granting certificates to religious organizations and Vietnamese people residing abroad.

Field measurement to extract and determine land changes before granting Certificate to the organization. Photo: Nguyen Hai

The maximum processing time is 3 working days. In case of delay in returning the results of the application processing according to regulations, the agency receiving the application and processing the procedures shall send a written notice or via electronic means or via SMS to the applicant, stating the reason.

The Decree also notes: In case the person requesting registration submits copies or digitized copies of documents, when receiving the results of administrative procedure settlement, the person requesting registration must submit the original documents of the dossier components as prescribed, except for documents such as construction permits, investment project approval decisions, investment decisions, investment licenses, and investment certificates.

People come directly to receive land records processing results at Vinh City Public Administration Service Center. Photo: Nguyen Hai

Add more cases of red book exchange

Specifically, according to Section 7 (C) Part V Appendix I issued with Decree 151/2025/ND-CP, the procedures for reissuing and exchanging issued Certificates (red books) include the following cases: Land users who need to exchange Certificates issued before August 1, 2024 for Certificates of land use rights and ownership of assets attached to land; Issued Certificates are stained, blurred, torn, or damaged; Certificates issued for many plots of land are issued separately for each plot of land according to the needs of land users and cases of reissuing and exchanging Certificates of land use rights and ownership of assets attached to land according to regulations.

In addition, the issuance of a new Certificate is also applied in the following cases:

- The purpose of land use stated on the issued Certificate according to the provisions of the law on land at the time of issuance of the issued Certificate is different from the purpose of land use according to the land classification prescribed in Article 9, Land Law 2024 and the Government 's Decree detailing the implementation of a number of articles of the Land Law;

- The location of the land plot on the issued Certificate is incorrect compared to the actual location of land use at the time of issuance of the issued Certificate;

- Land use rights and property ownership rights attached to land are the common property of husband and wife, but the issued Certificate only records the full name of the wife or husband. Now there is a request to reissue the Certificate of land use rights and property ownership rights attached to land to record both the full name of the wife and the full name of the husband.

- The issued certificate records the name of the household, now the members who share the land use rights of that household request to issue a new certificate of land use rights, ownership of assets attached to the land to record the full names of the members who share the land use rights of the household or change the size of the edges, area, and number of the land plot due to cadastral mapping and cadastral measurement of the land plot without changing the land plot boundary.

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Land users and owners of assets attached to land shall submit the dossier specified in this section to the "one-stop" department or the Land Registration Office or a branch of the Land Registration Office. The dossier receiving agency shall check the completeness of the dossier components and issue a Receipt of the dossier and schedule a return of results. In case the dossier components are not complete, the dossier shall be returned with a Request for additional documents and completion of the dossier for the applicant to complete and supplement according to regulations. In case the dossier receiving agency is a "one-stop" department, the dossier shall be transferred to the Land Registration Office so that the Office can make corrections and update changes to the cadastral records and land database; issue and grant (or send) the Certificate of land use rights and ownership of assets attached to land or send it to the dossier receiving agency to give to the grantee./.

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Source: https://baonghean.vn/nhung-thay-doi-trong-xu-ly-ho-so-dat-dai-tu-ngay-1-7-2025-10300078.html