1. Which famous general wrote a poem considered to be the first Declaration of Independence of Vietnam?

  • Tran Hung Dao
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  • Le Khoi
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  • Nguyen Huu Dat
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  • Ly Thuong Kiet
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Exactly

During the second resistance war against the Song army, in the Nhu Nguyet River defense line area, it is said that Ly Thuong Kiet had people recite the poem "Nam Quoc Son Ha" (Mountains and Rivers of the Southern Country) in the temple to encourage the morale of the Dai Viet soldiers.

The poem strongly affirms the territorial sovereignty and sacred right to independence of the Vietnamese nation. With its content and meaning, the poem is considered the first Declaration of Independence of our country, marking the consciousness of national sovereignty after more than a thousand years of Chinese rule, and at the same time serving to encourage the fighting spirit and shake the will of the invading army.

2. What was this general's original surname?

  • Corn
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  • Nguyen
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  • Ly
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  • Pear
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Exactly

According to information from the Vietnam News Agency , Ly Thuong Kiet originally belonged to the Ngo family, his real name was Tuan, his courtesy name was Thuong Kiet, and later he was granted the royal surname (allowed to bear the king's surname), so he was called Ly Thuong Kiet.

His ancestral home was An Xá village, Quảng Đức district, Thăng Long imperial city; later renamed Phúc Xá (now within Hanoi city limits).

From a young age, he showed great ambition, diligently studying both literature and martial arts, and researching military strategy. At a young age, due to his handsome appearance, he was appointed as a Royal Gate attendant, serving King Lý Thái Tông, and gradually rose through the ranks.

3. What was his earliest notable military achievement?

  • Commander in charge of constructing the Nhu Nguyet River defense line.
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  • Write the poem "Nam Quoc Son Ha" (The Mountains and Rivers of the Southern Country).
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  • As a vanguard general, he captured the Champa king Che Cu alive.
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  • Directly lead administrative reform nationwide.
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Exactly

In 1069, when King Ly Thanh Tong personally led an expedition against Champa, Ly Thuong Kiet served as the vanguard general and captured the Champa king, Che Cu. This victory created a great sensation, affirming Ly Thuong Kiet's outstanding military prowess and paving the way for his rapid rise in the Ly dynasty court.

4. What famous military viewpoint of Ly Thuong Kiet led to the strategic attack on Song territory (1075)?

  • Prioritize defense and prioritize reconciliation.
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  • Attack quickly and win quickly to seize enemy territory.
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  • Stay calm and preserve the water level, avoid major conflicts.
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  • Waiting passively for the enemy is not as good as leading the army forward.
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Exactly

The saying, "Sitting still and waiting for the enemy is not as good as sending troops out first," reflects Ly Thuong Kiet's proactive, bold, and very modern offensive thinking. He advocated a preemptive strike, destroying the Song army's logistical bases in Ung-Kham-Liem, thus foiling their invasion plan in its infancy.

5. What was the most outstanding achievement in his career that led him to be recognized as a "great personality" in the nation's history?

  • He was very skilled in military matters but paid little attention to the welfare of the people.
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  • Combining military, political, diplomatic, and humanitarian talents with the people.
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  • He held the position of Prime Minister for the longest period in the Ly Dynasty.
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  • He was the longest-living of the meritorious officials.
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Exactly

The most outstanding aspect of Ly Thuong Kiet's career was the combination of his military, political, and diplomatic talents with a compassionate and people-oriented spirit.

He was not only a skilled warrior but also cared for the people's well-being, repaired dikes, reformed the administration, and was respected by the people and praised in history as the greatest national hero of the Ly Dynasty.

Not only was Ly Thuong Kiet outstanding in his military and political career, but his life also left a profound mark on the history of the Ly Dynasty, spanning three reigns: Ly Thai Tong, Ly Thanh Tong, and Ly Nhan Tong. He died in 1105 at the age of 86, was posthumously awarded many prestigious titles, and temples were erected in his honor in many places.

Source: https://vietnamnet.vn/danh-tuong-nao-co-bai-tho-duoc-xem-nhu-tuyen-ngon-dau-tien-cua-dan-toc-2473150.html