Research on developing specific emission standards for cars and motorbikes
Tighten emission standards in traffic
Statistics show that in 2022, Hanoi has 8.4 million people, more than 6 million motorbikes, 686,755 cars and nearly 2,000 emission-generating manufacturing facilities. Ho Chi Minh City has nearly 9 million people, more than 7.3 million motorbikes, 637,323 cars and 2,708 emission-generating factories.
According to Associate Professor Dr. Ho Quoc Bang, Ho Chi Minh City National University: "For road traffic, motorbikes are identified as the main source of emissions for most pollutants."
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Ho Quoc Bang analyzed that in the capital Hanoi, traffic is the largest source of emissions, contributing 87%, 92%, 57%, 86%, 96% and 74% of NOx, CO, SO2 respectively. Of which, emissions from motorbikes always account for the largest proportion.
This situation is similar to that in Ho Chi Minh City, where motorbikes are the main source of emissions, contributing 97.8% of CO, 42.9% of NMVOC, 71.8% of CH₄, 37.7% of SO₂, 69.2% of NOx and 18% of PM2.5.
Deputy Director of the Department of Environment ( Ministry of Agriculture and Environment ) Le Hoai Nam said that the unit is actively reviewing and advising on the development of strategic, long-term policies, such as effectively implementing the National Plan on Air Quality Management and the approved Provincial Air Quality Management Plan.
Build and establish a network of automatic, continuous air monitoring stations large enough to ensure the monitoring, collection and transmission of data to help management agencies monitor, supervise, warn and forecast trends and developments in air quality.
In the immediate future, regarding air pollution caused by vehicles, Mr. Nam informed: "Emission standards in traffic are being tightened. The Department is considering developing specific emission standards for cars and motorbikes. Along with that, establishing areas to restrict private vehicles during rush hours, especially in densely populated areas and city centers, is also an important method to reduce congestion and pollution."
Operation of emission monitoring system and database
To ensure the effectiveness of air pollution reduction solutions, a long-term plan is needed. According to a representative of the Ministry of Agriculture and Environment, the national action plan on pollution remediation and air quality management for the period 2025 - 2030 is designed to control sources of polluting gas emissions, monitor and forecast air quality, thereby protecting public health and promoting the development of a green, sustainable economy .
In particular, the plan focuses on improving air pollution in large cities such as Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City, where pollution levels are high and have a major impact on people's health. This will improve the effectiveness of air quality management in Vietnam.
The draft plan includes nine specific groups of solutions related to energy, transportation, waste sources and construction activities.
The Ministry of Agriculture and Environment is considering the establishment and operation of an emissions monitoring system and database to control emission sources. Localities will then have to conduct periodic emissions inventories, integrate data into the national system and make information public.
Modern technologies such as AI and Big Data are expected to be used to analyze, warn and forecast air pollution. The draft also mentions the establishment of a pollution incident response system and the development of "Eco-Label" criteria for environmentally friendly transportation.
The Department of Environment is also developing a roadmap for fuel quality control in accordance with national standards, to be submitted to the Prime Minister for promulgation before September 2025. At the same time, it is finalizing a decree on penalties for environmental violations and promulgating local emission standards for vehicles in circulation. Technical guidelines for emission inventories and preferential policies for green vehicles and electric vehicle services are being researched and developed.
Regarding the green transport system and emission reduction, the draft includes a plan to develop public transport, support the transition to green vehicles and build sustainable infrastructure. In particular, it will focus on building many policies and pilot models such as establishing low-emission zones in Hanoi; supporting the exchange of old motorbikes for electric vehicles; subsidizing students using public transport, etc.
Regarding the issue of dust emission in the air, the Department of Environment said it will limit demolition and construction activities during high pollution hours, increase urban environmental sanitation, as well as recycle construction waste and cover bare land surfaces.
Public buildings such as hospitals and schools are expected to pilot suitable air filtration technology.
To monitor the burning of by-products, the Department of Environment will apply measures such as satellite applications, cameras, and social networks. In addition, it will invest in on-site collection and recycling infrastructure to reduce pollution. We are also considering a pilot ban on burning votive paper and developing a plan to end this practice at spiritual facilities.
The Ministry of Agriculture and Environment is also actively participating in regional alliances, promoting international cooperation to attract foreign investment and exchange experiences in pollution control. Along with that, it is communicating with the community to raise awareness and encourage people to proactively participate in air quality protection activities.
Thu Cuc
Source: https://baochinhphu.vn/cac-dia-phuong-se-phai-thuc-hien-kiem-ke-khi-thai-dinh-ky-102250427172041184.htm
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