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Perhaps the handwritten manuscript of Dictionarium Anamitico-Latinum (1772) by P.J. Pigneaux is one of the first dictionaries to record these two compound words with Chinese characters: father-in-law (岳父), mother-in-law (岳母). Regarding the meaning, in Dai Nam Quoc Am Tu Vi (1895), Huynh-Tinh Paulus Cua annotated: father-in-law is father-in-law, mother-in-law is mother-in-law. Now, let's try to find the etymology of these two terms.

The origin of the father-in-law (岳父) story is from the story of Zhang Shuo (667 - 731) during the reign of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang. One day, after the emperor offered sacrifices to the gods at Mount Tai (the first mountain in the Five Mountains), Prime Minister Zhang Shuo (some documents say Zhang Yue) immediately promoted his son-in-law Zheng Yi to the rank of the same rank and gave him red clothes. However, according to the regulations of the Tang Dynasty at that time, after the sacrificial ceremony, all officials below the Three Dukes were demoted one rank. Emperor Xuanzong was surprised and asked Zheng Yi, but Zheng Yi did not dare to answer. Huang Panxiao, who was standing nearby, told the king: "That is the power of Mount Tai" ( Try Taishan Liya ). What Huang Panxiao said had two meanings: one was thanks to the occasion of the sacrifice to the gods of Mount Tai; the other was thanks to the power of his father-in-law. From then on, in China, sons-in-law began to call their father-in-law Taishan . Do Thai Son also has another name, Dong Nhac, so Truong Thuyet is also called father-in-law or father-in-law .

In volume 16 of the Tho Phong Luc, an 18-volume dictionary compiled by Gu Zhang Si during the Qing Dynasty, there is a sentence: " The wife's father is also called father-in-law, or called Thai Son " which means "the wife's father is called father-in-law or Thai Son".

On Mount Tai, there is a mountain called Truong Nhan Phong (because of its shape resembling an old man), so the father-in-law is also called the music staff or Truong Nhan Phong . The word music staff (岳丈) comes from the title of the poem Dai Tho Nhac Truong by Doctor Hoang Cong Phu, who composed this seven-word poem during the Ming Dynasty to commemorate the birthday of his father-in-law.

Mother-in-law (岳母) comes from the phrase " mother-in-law lau chi" in the book Gao Zhai man luc by Zeng Cao of the Song Dynasty. In addition, there is another word called Thai Thuy (泰水), a nickname used to refer to mother-in-law, which comes from the book Ke lac bien compiled by Zhuang Xue at the end of the Northern Song Dynasty. In this book of textual research, Zhuang Xue explains: " Thai Thuy, vi truong mu da " (Thai Thuy means mother-in-law).

From ancient times until now, the compound words father-in-law and mother-in-law have often been used in formal situations, especially in written documents, such as: "Respectfully visit father-in-law and mother-in-law" (p.125) or "mother-in-law" (p.608) in the book Dictionarium latino-anamiticum (1838) by Jean Louis Taberd.

In less formal situations, the terms father-in-law and mother-in-law are often used instead of father-in-law and mother-in-law . This was noted in Jean Bonet's Dictionnaire annamite-francçais (langue officielle et langue vulgaire) , published in 1899: father-in-law , beau-père (père de l'épouse) - father-in-law; mother-in-law , belle-mère (mère de l'épouse) - grandmother-in-law (p.50).

Finally, according to the Dai Nam Quoc Am Tu Vi (ibid.), ancient Vietnamese people used the word "nhac" (岳) with the general meaning of "father-in-law and mother-in-law" or called the father-in-law " father-in-law", "father-in-law", "father-in-law" or "father-in-law" ; and called the mother-in-law " mother-in-law" or "mother-in-law" .

Source: https://thanhnien.vn/lat-leo-chu-nghia-nhac-phu-va-nhac-mau-185250214212910849.htm