Comments and solutions for the 2018 Literature graduation exam

TPO - Education experts comment and solve the 2025 graduation Literature exam for candidates taking the exam according to the 2018 General Education Program.

2025 GRADUATION EXAM QUESTIONS

Part	Sentence	Instructions for solving essay questions of Tuyensinh247.com
I. READING COMPREHENSION (4.0 points)	Question 1.	Third person narrative
	Sentence 2.	Le's hometown and Son's hometown are associated with two rivers: Lam River and Red River (Le's hometown is associated with Lam River; Son's hometown is associated with Red River).
	Sentence 3.	- Comparison: The artillery company is compared to "a grown tree". - Effect: + Helps make sentences more vivid and attractive. + Represents the strong development of the artillery company, like a large tree root, strong enough to nurture far-reaching branches — symbolizing the soldiers now dividing into different fronts to continue their mission. + Thereby highlighting the deep camaraderie and solidarity between teammates. + Expresses the author's pride and respect for soldiers.
	Sentence 4.	Students rely on the content of the text, given details and state appropriate understanding. Suggest: - Expressing the close comradeship and solidarity of soldiers, they lived together, fought together, and shared all the difficulties of the war. - Evoking the fierce but humane atmosphere of the battlefield, they shared each shirt and each bed with each other amidst the bombs and bullets of war. That further highlighted the close, emotional relationship between the soldiers. - A symbol of farewell not only in terms of combat space but also sharing the responsibility and duty to protect the Fatherland, each person in a different sky, but their hearts still beat together. - Details also contribute to expressing the theme and ideas of the work. - …
	Sentence 5.	Similarities: Both texts express deep feelings and attachment between people and the land they have been attached to or passed through. - When people pass through those lands, part of their soul, memories and emotions are left there. - Land and homeland are not only living spaces but also become a part of the soul, memories and sacred symbols for each person. => Through that, both documents express love for the homeland.
II. WRITING (6.0 points)	Question 1. (2 points)	a. Ensure requirements on form and length of paragraph. b. Correctly identify the issue to be discussed: Le's feelings for Son. c. Write a paragraph that ensures the following requirements: Choose appropriate argumentative operations, closely combine reasoning and evidence, and present ideas appropriately according to the structure of the argumentative paragraph. The assignment can be implemented in many ways, here are some suggestions : 1. Introduction: Introduce the author, the work and the discussion topic: Le's feelings for Son. 2. Body paragraph: * Briefly summarize the circumstances of the two characters' meeting. * Change in Le's perception of Son: - Initially: Prejudice against Son ( Hanoi prince, "white", unfamiliar with the battlefield). - After three years: became close teammates. * Le's feelings for Son: - Affection: + Together through the hardships of war. + Together carry a sacred, noble mission. + Consider each other as "closest comrades in military life". - Missing and trusting when apart: + Le lives in Hanoi but always remembers Son fighting in his hometown. + Son's image becomes a spiritual support, associated with memories of the battlefield and Lam River. + They have a sense of responsibility to their homeland. - General assessment of art: Third person narrative; Symbolic images create emotional depth; Tone… 3. Conclusion: Reaffirm Le's feelings for Son and the value of friendship and comradeship
	Sentence 2. (4 points)	a. Ensure requirements on form and capacity of the essay b. Correctly identify the issue to be discussed. c. Writing an argumentative essay ensures the following requirements: Choosing appropriate argumentative operations; skillfully combining reasoning and evidence; presenting a suitable system of support according to the three-part structure of an argumentative essay. The essay can be developed in many ways, here are suggestions from Tuyensinh247.com 1. Introduction: Introduce the topic of discussion. 2. Body a. Explanation: - "Homeland sky": Refers to the place where each person is born, raised, and attached to. - "The sky of the Fatherland": Refers to the common, larger country, where all homelands converge. → Affirmative saying: Although each person's hometown is different, they are all an inseparable part of the Fatherland. Being attached to and contributing to the homeland is building the country. b. Analysis: - Background: The country is undergoing many changes: + Deep international integration, opportunities and challenges intertwine. + Migration, urbanization, and labor mobility cause many people to live far from home. + Administrative reforms. - Each region contributes to the country: + From mountains to plains, from islands to borders - each place has its own culture and traditions, all contributing to creating the shape of the Fatherland. + Wherever they are, Vietnamese people still share the same ideals, the same love for their country, and are ready to sacrifice for their country in war as well as in peacetime. - Responsibility of citizens in the new era: + Wherever you go, whatever you do, always carry in your heart the image of your homeland - because it is a part of the flesh and blood of the Fatherland. + Not only love the homeland where you were born but also need to open your heart to other lands, because the Fatherland is the homeland of everyone. + Develop the homeland and country to become increasingly rich and powerful. + … Students find appropriate evidence themselves. c. Extended discussion. - We should not discriminate between regions, because each region is worthy of pride and is a part of the Fatherland. - Criticize the pragmatic lifestyle, disregard for origins, regional discrimination, and only care about personal interests. - Building a spirit of national solidarity, putting national and Fatherland interests first, towards a strong and developed Vietnam. - … 3. Conclusion: Summarize the problem

According to schedule, at exactly 7:30 a.m., the exam supervisor will distribute the exam papers and candidates will have 5 minutes to check the status of the papers.

At the exam sites, candidates were brought by their parents early to hear their names called into the exam room. Many candidates shared their feelings of nervousness and anxiety before the exam because this year is the first year the Literature exam has been renewed according to the 2018 General Education Program.

Candidates taking the 2025 High School Graduation Exam. (Photo: Hoai Nam)

Below is the Literature exam:

Expert comments on Literature exam

Dr. Trinh Thu Tuyet, a teacher at Luong The Vinh Secondary and High School (Hanoi), said that the biggest difference in the Literature exam in the 2025 exam is that the materials for the Reading and Writing questions do not use texts from all three current textbooks.

This is the result of the innovation process of teaching and learning Literature in high schools according to the 2018 GeneralEducation Program - when through reading comprehension texts in Literature textbooks, teachers provide learners with knowledge of genres and Vietnamese, forming reading comprehension, appreciation, discussion, dialogue skills... so that candidates can independently solve new problems of literature and life in the exam.

The official exam for Literature closely followed the structure of the reference exam previously announced by the Ministry of Education and Training . The content of the Reading and Writing questions in the exam are all within the scope of knowledge and skills according to the "Requirements to achieve" of Literature - General Education Program 2018.

Specifically as follows:

Part I. Reading comprehension (4 points) includes 5 questions classified according to cognitive levels.

Questions 1 and 2 are both at the recognition level, in which question 1 requires recognition of the narrator in the text, a knowledge of the narrative genre that is very familiar to students; question 2 requires recognition of the two rivers of Le and Son's hometown, a detail that is present in the content of the text. These are two questions that help candidates with average academic ability to achieve maximum score.

The ability to classify mainly appears in questions 3, 4, 5 at the comprehension and application levels when requiring candidates to have depth of thinking and experience.

Question 3 is a comprehension question, requiring students to analyze the effect of the comparative rhetorical device in a sentence of the excerpt - this question simultaneously tests the candidates' perception skills, analysis skills and Vietnamese knowledge. Question 4 is also a comprehension question, requiring candidates to analyze the role of a detail in expressing the content of the text. This is a question with a relatively good classification ability when students have to understand and feel not only the difficult circumstances of life fighting to protect the Fatherland but also feel the camaraderie, the solidarity of the soldiers - see the meaning of the detail in expressing the theme of the text.

Question number 5 is at the application level, requiring students to apply their literary knowledge, knowledge of life, society... to not only choose the direction of the answer, the way of thinking and logical and accurate arguments, but also demonstrate independent thinking and self-control when analyzing the similarity in meaning in 2 details of 2 texts, seeing the sacred attachment of each person to the lands and skies of the homeland.

In general, the reading comprehension questions are suitable for students when testing the knowledge and skills of the "Requirements to achieve" of Literature 2018 in the 2018 General Education Program, ensuring the correct levels of cognition, having practical significance for their future lifestyle.

Part II - Writing (6.0 points), the test must ensure the correct format structure according to the instructions of the Ministry of Education and Training on February 16, 2025. With the reading comprehension material being a literary text, the social argumentative part requires writing an essay and the literary argumentative part requires writing a paragraph, specifically as follows:

Question 1 (2.0 points): The literary argument question gives specific requirements for candidates to write a paragraph of about 200 words about an aspect of the problem drawn from the excerpt of the reading comprehension section, which is the requirement "Write a paragraph (about 200 words) analyzing Le's feelings for Son in the text in the Reading comprehension section".

The requirement in the paragraph writing is also the main content expressed emotionally in the excerpt of the text; through analyzing Le's feelings for Son, the candidate not only feels the content of the excerpt but also performs the skill of analyzing an important aspect of the narrative genre. These are also familiar issues in the program's requirements, hopefully they will not be difficult for the candidate.

Question 2 (4.0 points): The question of writing a social argumentative essay requires candidates to apply the results of reading comprehension and knowledge of the country's context to write an argumentative essay on the topic: Any homeland's sky is the Fatherland's sky.

It can be seen that this is a traditional and sacred issue, but it is very up-to-date with the context of the country's construction and development, especially in the "era of rising up". The issue is therefore both close and practical, and touches the very sacred love of the homeland in the soul of every Vietnamese person, especially it can create excitement for students who are preparing to enter a new threshold of life, where they not only cultivate and promote their personal capacity and courage, but also have to always remind themselves to keep a warm heart for their homeland. The ideas of the essay will also be very suitable for the trend of innovation and integration of the times.

As the opening exam for the 2025 High School Graduation Exam, the first exam of the 2018 General Education Program, the Literature exam has undergone fundamental changes in the direction of approaching students' competencies; ensuring compliance with the regulations on the structure and format of the 2025 High School Graduation Exam announced by the Ministry of Education and Training, closely following the "Requirements to achieve" on knowledge and skills of Literature - General Education Program 2018. From the structure of the exam, the content of the materials to the ways of posing problems in the two parts of Reading and Writing, all show efforts to innovate, bringing many interests, challenges and opportunities for candidates who are eager to learn, explore, have independent thinking and interpretation on issues in literature as well as social life.

Of course, generations of teachers, students as well as society in general are still waiting for stronger steps in the journey of innovation, waiting for beautiful Literature exams, approaching students' abilities, contributing to forming the necessary abilities and qualities of future generations of Vietnamese people.

Ha Linh

Source: https://tienphong.vn/nhan-xet-giai-de-thi-tot-nghiep-ngu-van-chuong-trinh-2018-post1754610.tpo